Category:FL

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==FL: Flavonoid==
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{{Huge|{{Bilingual|フラボノイドのデータベース|Flavonoid Database}}}}
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{|
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| __TOC__
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|}
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{{Flavonoid/Header}}
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=={{Bilingual|フラボノイドの概要|Class Overview}}==
  
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===Structural Characteristics===
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{{Twocolumn
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Flavonoid is a class of plant secondary metabolites that have two benzene rings (each called A-ring and B-ring) connected by a chain of three carbons (Figure 1). [[Image:FL.gif|thumb|150px|right|Figure 1: The Backbone of Flavonoid Structure]]
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The word "flavonoid" comes from its Latin origin ''flavus'' (yellow), meaning yellow-ish.  It comes from its history as yellow natural dye (quercetin and kaempferol are the most widespread flavone dyes. See [[:Category:FL3F|flavone]]).
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フラボノイドの語源は,ラテン語の flavus （黄色）に「～のような」という意味の oid をつけたものです。これは代表的なフラボンであるquercetinやkaempferolが広く使われてきた黄色の天然色素であることに由来しています ([[:Category:FL3F|flavone]]参照)。
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}}
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{{Twocolumn
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|
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In chemistry terms, it is a class of plant secondary metabolites that have two benzene rings (each called A-ring and B-ring) connected by a chain of three carbons (Figure 1).  
 
The carbon chain, corresponding to the numbers 2,3,4 in Figure 1, is linked to a hydroxyl group in the A-ring to form the C-ring.  The class of flavonoids are usually determined by the modification pattern of the C-ring (Table 1).
 
The carbon chain, corresponding to the numbers 2,3,4 in Figure 1, is linked to a hydroxyl group in the A-ring to form the C-ring.  The class of flavonoids are usually determined by the modification pattern of the C-ring (Table 1).
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化学的な定義でフラボノイドとは, ベンゼン環2個 (それぞれA環B環と呼ばれる) を3つの炭素 (C) で結合した, 植物の代謝産物の総称です (Figure 1)。
 +
Figure 1 において 2,3,4 と番号付けされた炭素鎖は A 環の水酸基と結合して C 環を構成します。フラボノイドのカテゴリーは,たいてい C 環の修飾パターンで決まります (Table 1)。}}
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[[Image:FL.gif|thumb|150px|right|Figure 1: The Backbone of Flavonoid Structure]]
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{{Twocolumn
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Flavonoid is utilized in many industrial processes from pigments to food additives.  Well known names include anthocyanin, catechin, flavan, and isoflavone.
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フラボノイドの用途は 色素から食品添加物まで多様です。 よく耳にするものでは, アントシアニン, カテキン, フラバン（茶）, イソフラボンなど, 全てフラボノイドです。
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}}
  
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{| class="wikitable" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="1" margin: 1em 1em 1em 1em"
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<center>
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{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
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|+ Table 1. Flavonoid Classification
 
|-
 
|-
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!colspan="2"|1st Class
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!colspan="3"|1st Class
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!colspan="2"|2nd Class
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|- valign="top"
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|-
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|[[:Category:FL1|FL1: Anthochlor<br/>({{Bilingual|オーロン、カルコン|Aurone and Chalcone}})]]<br/>
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|rowspan="4"|FL1
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[[Image:Fl1.png|100px]]<br/>{{Bilingual|紅花（末摘花）の黄色|safflower yellow}}
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|rowspan="4"|[[:Category:FL1|Aurone and Chalcone]]<br>[[Image:Fl1.png|100px]]
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|[[:Category:FL2|FL2: {{Bilingual|フラバノン|Flavanone}}]]<br/>
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|FL1A||[[:Category:FL1A|Aurone]]<br>[[Image:Fl1a.png|100px]]
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[[Image:Fl2.png|100px]]<br/>{{Bilingual|みかんジュースの白沈|white skin of orange}}
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|-
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|[[:Category:FL3|FL3: {{Bilingual|フラボン|Flavone}}]]<br/>
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|FL1B||[[:Category:FL1B|Auronol]]<br>[[Image:Fl1b.png|100px]]
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[[Image:Fl3.png|100px]]<br>{{Bilingual|セロリやパセリ等ハーブ|herbs like parsley, yellow dye}}
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|-
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|- valign="top"
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|FL1C||[[:Category:FL1C|Chalcone]]<br>[[Image:Fl1.png|100px]]
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|
−
|-
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{| class="collapsible collapsed" border="1" cellspacing="0" width="150"
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|FL1D||[[:Category:FL1D|Dihydrochalcone]]<br>[[Image:Fl1d.png|125px]]
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|-
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|-
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! colspan="2"|2nd Class
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|FL2||[[:Category:FL2|Flavanone]]<br>[[Image:Fl2.png|100px]]||FL2F||[[:Category:FL2F|Flavanone]]<br>[[Image:Fl2.png|100px]]
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|-
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|-
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|[[:Category:FL1A|FL1A]]||[[:Category:FL1A|Aurone]]<br>[[Image:Fl1a.png|90px]]
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|FL3||[[:Category:FL3|Flavone]]<br>[[Image:Fl3.png|100px]]||FL3F||[[:Category:FL3F|Flavone]]<br>[[Image:Fl3.png|100px]]
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|-
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|-
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|[[:Category:FL1B|FL1B]]||[[:Category:FL1B|Auronol]]<br>[[Image:Fl1b.png|90px]]
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|FL4||[[:Category:FL4|Dihydroflavonol]]<br>[[Image:Fl4.png|100px]]||FL4D||[[:Category:FL4D|Dihydroflavonol]]<br>[[Image:Fl4.png|100px]]
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|-
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|-
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|[[:Category:FL1C|FL1C]]||[[:Category:FL1C|Chalcone]]<br>[[Image:Fl1c.png|90px]]
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|FL5||[[:Category:FL5|Flavonol]]<br>[[Image:Fl5.png|100px]]||FL5F||[[:Category:FL5F|Flavonol]]<br>[[Image:Fl5.png|100px]]
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|-
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|-
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|[[:Category:FL1D|FL1D]]||[[:Category:FL1D|Dihydrochalcone]]<br>[[Image:Fl1d.png|120px]]
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|rowspan="4"|FL6
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|}
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|rowspan="4"|[[:Category:FL6|Flavan]]<br>[[Image:Fl6.png|100px]]
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|  
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|FL6F||[[:Category:FL6F|Flavan]]<br>[[Image:Fl6.png|100px]]
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|  
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|-
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|- valign="top"
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|FL63||[[:Category:FL63|Flavan 3-ol]]<br>[[Image:Fl63.png|100px]]
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|[[:Category:FL4|FL4: {{Bilingual|ジヒドロフラボノール|Dihydroflavonol}}]]<br/>
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|-
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[[Image:Fl4.png|100px]]<br/>{{Bilingual|ブドウの抗酸化成分|antioxidant in grapes}}
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|FL64||[[:Category:FL64|Flavan 4-ol]]<br>[[Image:Fl64.png|100px]]
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|[[:Category:FL5|FL5: {{Bilingual|フラボノール|Flavonol}}]]<br/>
−
|-
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[[Image:Fl5.png|100px]]<br/>{{Bilingual|たまねぎ等多くの野菜|vegetables such as onion}}
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|FL6D||[[:Category:FL6D|Flavan 3,4-diol]]<br>[[Image:Fl6d.png|100px]]
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|[[:Category:FL6|FL6: {{Bilingual|フラバン|Flavan}}<br/>({{Bilingual|ロイコアントシアニジン|Leucoanthocyanidin}})]]<br/>
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|-
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[[Image:Fl6.png|100px]]<br/>{{Bilingual|お茶、ココア|tea, cocoa}}
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|rowspan="2"|FL7
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|- valign="top"
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|rowspan="2"|[[:Category:FL7|Anthocyanin]]<br>[[Image:Fl7.png|100px]]
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|
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|FL7A||[[:Category:FL7A|Anthocyanin]]<br>[[Image:Fl7.png|100px]]
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|
−
|-
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|
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|FL7D||[[:Category:FL7D|3-Desoxyanthocyanin]]<br>[[Image:Fl7d.png|120px]]
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{| class="collapsible collapsed" border="1" cellspacing="0" width="150"
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|-
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|-
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|rowspan="10"|FLI
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! colspan="2"|2nd Class
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|rowspan="10"|[[:Category:FLI|Isoflavonoid]]<br>[[Image:Fli.png|100px]]
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|-
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|FLIA||[[:Category:FLIA|Isoflavone]]<br>[[Image:Fli.png|100px]]
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|[[:Category:FL6F|FL6F]]||[[:Category:FL6F|Flavan]]<br>[[Image:Fl6f.png|90px]]
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|-
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|-
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|FLIB||[[:Category:FLIB|Isoflavanone]]<br>[[Image:Fli.png|100px]]
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|[[:Category:FL63|FL63]]||[[:Category:FL63|Flavan 3-ol]]<br>[[Image:Fl63.png|90px]]
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|-
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|-
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|FLIC||[[:Category:FLIC|Isoflavan]]<br>[[Image:Fli.png|100px]]
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|[[:Category:FL64|FL64]]||[[:Category:FL64|Flavan 4-ol]]<br>[[Image:Fl64.png|90px]]
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|-
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|-
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|FLID||[[:Category:FLID|Pterocarpane]]<br>[[Image:Fli.png|100px]]
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|[[:Category:FL6D|FL6D]]||[[:Category:FL6D|Flavan 3,4-diol]]<br>[[Image:Fl6d.png|90px]]
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|-
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|}
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|FLIE||[[:Category:FLIE|Coumestan]]<br>[[Image:Fli.png|100px]]
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|- valign="top"
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|-
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|[[:Category:FL7|FL7: {{Bilingual|アントシアニ(ジ)ン|Anthocyani(di)n}}]]<br/>
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|FLIF||[[:Category:FLIF|Rotenoid]]<br>[[Image:Fli.png|100px]]
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[[Image:Fl7.png|120px]]<br/>{{Bilingual|(赤)紫の野菜、果物|purple vegetables/fruits}}
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|-
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|[[:Category:FLI|FLI: {{Bilingual|イソフラボノイド|Isoflavonoid}}]]<br/>
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|FLIG||[[:Category:FLIG|Coumaranochromone]]<br>[[Image:Fli.png|100px]]
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[[Image:Fli.png|100px]]<br>{{Bilingual|豆類|beans}}
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|-
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|[[:Category:FLN|FLN: {{Bilingual|ネオフラボノイド|Neoflavonoid}}]]<br/>
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|FLIH||[[:Category:FLIH|3-Arylcoumarin]]<br>[[Image:Fli.png|100px]]
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[[Image:Fln.png|75px]]
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|-
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|- valign="top"
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|FLII||[[:Category:FLII|2-Arylbenzofuran]]<br>[[Image:Fli.png|100px]]
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|
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|-
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{| class="collapsible collapsed" border="1" cellspacing="0" width="150"
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|FLIJ||[[:Category:FLIJ|alpha-Methoxynbenzoin]]<br>[[Image:Fli.png|100px]]
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|-
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|-
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! colspan="2"|2nd Class
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|rowspan="6"|FLN
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|-
−
|rowspan="6"|[[:Category:FLN|Neoflavonoid]]<br>[[Image:Fln.png|75px]]
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|[[:Category:FL7A|FL7A]]||[[:Category:FL7A|Anthocyanin]]<br>[[Image:Fl7a.png|90px]]
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|FLNA||[[:Category:FLNA|4-Arylcoumarin]]<br>[[Image:Fln.png|75px]]
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|-
−
|-
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|[[:Category:FL7D|FL7D]]||[[:Category:FL7D|3-Deoxyanthocyanin]]<br>[[Image:Fl7d.png|90px]]
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|FLNB||[[:Category:FLNB|4-Arylchroman]]<br>[[Image:Fln.png|75px]]
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|}
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|-
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|
−
|FLNC||[[:Category:FLNC|Dalbergiquinol]]<br>[[Image:Fln.png|75px]]
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{| class="collapsible collapsed" border="1" cellspacing="0" width="150"
−
|-
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|-
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|FLND||[[:Category:FLND|Dalbergione]]<br>[[Image:Fln.png|75px]]
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! colspan="2"|2nd Class
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|-
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|-
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|FLNE||[[:Category:FLNE|Neoflavene]]<br>[[Image:Fln.png|75px]]
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|[[:Category:FLIA|FLIA]]||[[:Category:FLIA|Isoflavone]]<br>[[Image:Flia.png|90px]]
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|-
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|-
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|FLNF||[[:Category:FLNF|Coumarinic acid]]<br>[[Image:Fln.png|75px]]
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|[[:Category:FLIB|FLIB]]||[[:Category:FLIB|Isoflavanone]]<br>[[Image:Flib.png|90px]]
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|-
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|[[:Category:FLIC|FLIC]]||[[:Category:FLIC|Isoflavan]]<br>[[Image:Flic.png|90px]]
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|-
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|[[:Category:FLID|FLID]]||[[:Category:FLID|Pterocarpane]]<br>[[Image:Flid.png|90px]]
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|-
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|[[:Category:FLIE|FLIE]]||[[:Category:FLIE|Coumestan]]<br>[[Image:Flie.png|90px]]
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|-
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|[[:Category:FLIF|FLIF]]||[[:Category:FLIF|Rotenoid]]<br>[[Image:Flif.png|90px]]
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|-
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|[[:Category:FLIG|FLIG]]||[[:Category:FLIG|Coumaranochromone]]<br>[[Image:Flig.png|90px]]
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|-
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|[[:Category:FLIH|FLIH]]||[[:Category:FLIH|3-Arylcoumarin]]<br>[[Image:Flih.png|90px]]
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|-
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|[[:Category:FLII|FLII]]||[[:Category:FLII|2-Arylbenzofuran]]<br>[[Image:Flii.png|90px]]
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|-
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|[[:Category:FLIJ|FLIJ]]||[[:Category:FLIJ|alpha-Methoxynbenzoin]]<br>[[Image:Flij.png|90px]]
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|}
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|
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{| class="collapsible collapsed" border="1" cellspacing="0" width="150"
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|-
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! colspan="2"|2nd Class
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|-
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|[[:Category:FLNA|FLNA]]||[[:Category:FLNA|4-Arylcoumarin]]<br>[[Image:Flna.png|72px]]
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|-
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|[[:Category:FLNB|FLNB]]||[[:Category:FLNB|4-Arylchroman]]<br>[[Image:Flnb.png|72px]]
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|-
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|[[:Category:FLNC|FLNC]]||[[:Category:FLNC|Dalbergiquinol]]<br>[[Image:Flnc.png|72px]]
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|-
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|[[:Category:FLND|FLND]]||[[:Category:FLND|Dalbergione]]<br>[[Image:Flnd.png|65px]]
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|-
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|[[:Category:FLNE|FLNE]]||[[:Category:FLNE|Neoflavene]]<br>[[Image:Flne.png|50px]]
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|-
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|[[:Category:FLNF|FLNF]]||[[:Category:FLNF|Coumarinic acid]]<br>[[Image:Flnf.png|72px]]
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|}
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|}
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</center>
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<!--- Class Information (Do not delete. This list is used by Template:Hierarchy.)
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&&FL&&Flavonoid&&
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&&FL1&&Aurone and Chalcone&&
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&&FL1A&&Aurone&&
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&&FL1B&&Auronol&&
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&&FL1C&&Chalcone&&
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&&FL1D&&Dihydrochalcone&&
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&&FL2&&Flavanone&&
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&&FL3&&Flavone&&
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&&FL4&&Dihydroflavonol&&
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&&FL5&&Flavonol&&
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&&FL6&&Flavan&&
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&&FL63&&Flavan 3-ol&&
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&&FL64&&Flavan 4-ol&&
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&&FL6D&&Flavan 3,4-diol&&
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&&FL7&&Anthocyani(di)n&&
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&&FL7A&&Anthocyani(di)n&&
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&&FL7D&&3-Deoxyanthocyanin&&
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&&FLI&&Isoflavonoid&&
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&&FLIA&&Isoflavone&&
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&&FLIB&&Isoflavanone&&
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&&FLIC&&Isoflavan&&
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&&FLID&&Pterocarpane&&
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&&FLIE&&Coumestan&&
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&&FLIF&&Rotenoid&&
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&&FLIG&&Coumaranochromone&&
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&&FLIH&&3-Arylcoumarin&&
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&&FLII&&2-Arylbenzofuran&&
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&&FLIJ&&alpha-Methoxynbenzoin&&
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&&FLN&&Neoflavonoid&&
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&&FLNA&&4-Arylcoumarin&&
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&&FLNB&&4-Arylchroman&&
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&&FLNC&&Dalbergiquinol&&
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&&FLND&&Dalbergione&&
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&&FLNE&&Neoflavene&&
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&&FLNF&&Coumarinic acid&&
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&&FLT&&Condensed Tannin
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--->
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==[[:Category:FL/Biosynthesis|{{Bilingual|生合成のページヘ|Biosynthesis}}]]==
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==[[:Category:FL/Bioactivity|{{Bilingual|生物活性のページヘ|Bioactivity}}]]==
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 +
 
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=={{Bilingual|データベース統計|Database statistics/ranking}}==
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{{#DEF:NumberOfMolecules|{{#countTitle:FL|}}}}
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{{#DEF:NumberOfSpecies|{{#countTitle:.+|Species}}}}
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{{#DEF:NumberOfReferences|{{#expr:{{#countTitle:.+|Reference}}-{{#countTitle:^Country|Reference}} }} }}
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{{#DEF:NumberOfRelations|{{#countLine:^&&_%&&FL|Reference}}}}
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{{#DEF:FL1Num|{{#countTitle:FL1|}}}}
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{{#DEF:FL2Num|{{#countTitle:FL2|}}}}
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{{#DEF:FL3Num|{{#countTitle:FL3|}}}}
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{{#DEF:FL4Num|{{#countTitle:FL4|}}}}
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{{#DEF:FL5Num|{{#countTitle:FL5|}}}}
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{{#DEF:FL6Num|{{#countTitle:FL6|}}}}
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{{#DEF:FL7Num|{{#countTitle:FL7|}}}}
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{{#DEF:FLINum|{{#countTitle:FLI|}}}}
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{{#DEF:FLNNum|{{#countTitle:FLN|}}}}
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{{Twocolumn|
 +
This database collects original references that report identification of flavonoid in various plant species.  The database consists of three major namespaces: (flavonoid) compounds, plant species, and references.  Currently, {{#var:NumberOfMolecules}} flavonoid structures, {{#var:NumberOfSpecies}} plant species, and {{#var:NumberOfReferences}} references describing total {{#var:NumberOfRelations}} metabolite-species relationships are registered.
 +
|
 +
このデータベースは, 様々な植物種で同定された フラボノイドを報告した文献を 集めたものです。
 +
データベースは 物質、植物種、文献 という 3 つの名前空間で構成されます。
 +
現在  {{#var:NumberOfMolecules}}  フラボノイド構造, {{#var:NumberOfSpecies}}  植物種,
 +
そして  {{#var:NumberOfReferences}} 文献
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に基づく {{#var:NumberOfRelations}} 物質：生物種
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の対応関係が登録されています。
 +
}}
 +
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
 +
! class
 +
| [[:Category:FL1|FL1]]<br/><small>(chalcones)</small>
 +
| [[:Category:FL2|FL2]]<br/><small>(flavanones)</small>
 +
| [[:Category:FL3|FL3]]<br/><small>(flavones)</small>
 +
| [[:Category:FL4|FL4]]<br/><small>(dihydroflavonols)</small>
 +
| [[:Category:FL5|FL5]]<br/><small>(flavonols)</small>
 +
| [[:Category:FL6|FL6]]<br/><small>(flavans)</small>
 +
| [[:Category:FL7|FL7]]<br/><small>(anthocyanidins)</small>
 +
| [[:Category:FLI|FLI]]<br/><small>(isoflavonoids)</small>
 +
| [[:Category:FLN|FLN]]<br/><small>(neoflavonoids)</small>
 +
| Total
 
|-
 
|-
 +
! #data
 +
| {{#var:FL1Num}} || {{#var:FL2Num}} || {{#var:FL3Num}} || {{#var:FL4Num}} || {{#var:FL5Num}} || {{#var:FL6Num}} || {{#var:FL7Num}} || {{#var:FLINum}} || {{#var:FLNNum}} || {{#var:NumberOfMolecules}}
 
|}
 
|}
 +
{{#graph:pie|size=350x200;title=Registered Molecules;legend=0.05x0.2;label=;
 +
FL1={{#var:FL1Num}};
 +
FL2={{#var:FL2Num}};
 +
FL3={{#var:FL3Num}};
 +
FL4={{#var:FL4Num}};
 +
FL5={{#var:FL5Num}};
 +
FL6={{#var:FL6Num}};
 +
FL7={{#var:FL7Num}};
 +
FLI={{#var:FLINum}};
 +
FLN={{#var:FLNNum}}}; }}
 +
{{#graph:pie|size=350x200;title=Metabolite-Species Relations;legend=0.05x0.2;label=;
 +
FL1={{#countLine:&&FL1|Reference}};
 +
FL2={{#countLine:&&FL2|Reference}};
 +
FL3={{#countLine:&&FL3|Reference}};
 +
FL4={{#countLine:&&FL4|Reference}};
 +
FL5={{#countLine:&&FL5|Reference}};
 +
FL6={{#countLine:&&FL6|Reference}};
 +
FL7={{#countLine:&&FL7|Reference}};
 +
FLI={{#countLine:&&FLI|Reference}};
 +
FLN={{#countLine:&&FLN|Reference}}; }}
  
 +
<!----
 +
===Some Flavonoid Ranking <small>ちょっとしたランキング</small>===
 +
;Heavy 重い :
 +
[[Persist:Index%20(average%20mass%201750-1775)|Heavenly blue anthocyanin]] ... Well-known ''skyblue'' pigment of [[Species:Ipomoea|morning glory]] (空色で有名な朝顔の色素)
 +
;Light 軽い :
 +
[[Persist:Index%20(exact%20mass%20200-225)|1,3-Diphenylpropan-1-one]] ... as light as the amino acid Tryptophan (アミノ酸トリプトファンと同じぐらいの軽さ)
  
−
===Biosynthesis===
+
;Long word (単語が)長い :
−
Flavonoid is synthesized through the phenylpropanoid-acetate pathway in all higher plants.  It is responsible for many biological activities including pigments, anti-oxidative or anti-allergic agents, and signaling elements in nodule formation.  Some of them are quite familiar in our daily life.
+
[[FL2FA9NF0001|isopropenyldihydrofuranoflavanone]],
 +
[[FL4DAACS0001|glucopyranosyldihydrokaempferol]]<br>
  
 +
;Long name (名前が)長い :
 +
[[FL5FAAGS0139|7- [ [ o-6-deoxy-alpha-l-mannopyranosyl- (1->3) -o-6-deoxy-alpha-l-mannopyranosyl- (1->3) -6-deoxy-4-o- [ (2e) -3- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -1-oxo-2-propenyl ] -alpha-l-mannopyranosyl ] oxy ] -3- [ [ o-6-deoxy-alpha-l-mannopyranosyl- (1->3) -o- [ beta-d-glucopyranosyl- (1->6) ] -2-o- [ (2e) -3- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -1-oxo-2-propenyl ] -beta-d-glucopyranosyl ] oxy ] -5-hydroxy-2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -4h-1-benzopyran-4-one]]
 +
---->
  
−
Familiar examples.
+
=={{Bilingual|食品含有量|Flavonoid content in food}}==
−
anthocyanin (blueberry), isoflavone (soybean), rutin (soba noodle), catechin (tea), flavan-diol (tea), naringeninchalcone (tomato), polyphenol (wine, cacao)
+
<small>For details, please visit [[Doc:Food/Flavonoid|this page]].</small>
 +
{{Doc:Food/Flavonoid/Summary}}
 +
 
 +
=={{Bilingual|ID番号の設計|Design of Flavonoid ID numbers}}==
 +
<center>
 +
12-DIGIT
 +
<table border=1>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td style="background-color:green;" width=15px align="center"><big>F</big>
 +
<td style="background-color:green;" width=15px align="center"><big>L</big>
 +
<td style="background-color:darkseagreen;" width=15px align="center"><big>''x''</big>
 +
<td style="background-color:darkseagreen;" width=15px align="center"><big>''x''</big>
 +
<td style="background-color:tomato;" width=15px align="center"><big>''y''</big>
 +
<td style="background-color:tomato;" width=15px align="center"><big>''y''</big>
 +
<td style="background-color:firebrick;" width=15px align="center"><big>''z''</big>
 +
<td style="background-color:firebrick;" width=15px align="center"><big>''z''</big>
 +
<td style="background-color:green;" width=15px align="center"><big>''w''</big>
 +
<td style="background-color:white;" width=15px align="center"><big>''c''</big>
 +
<td style="background-color:white;" width=15px align="center"><big>''c''</big>
 +
<td style="background-color:white;" width=15px align="center"><big>''c''</big>
 +
</tr>
 +
</table>
 +
</center>
 +
; ''x'' ... backbone structure (母核構造) :
 +
''FL1'' [[:Category:FL1|aurone and chalcone]]; ''FL2'' [[:Category:FL2|flavanone]]; ''FL3'' [[:Category:FL3|flavone]]; ''FL4'' [[:Category:FL4|Dihydroflavonol]]; ''FL5'' [[:Category:FL5|Flavonol]]; ''FL6'' [[:Category:FL6|Flavan]]; ''FL7'' [[:Category:FL7|Anthocyanin]]; ''FLI'' [[:Category:FLI|Isoflavonoid]]; ''FLN'' [[:Category:FLN|Neoflavonoid]]
 +
; ''y'' ... hydroxylation pattern in A and B ring (水酸基パターン) :
 +
Click above categories to see details. General description is [[Template:FL_digit56|here]].
 +
; ''z'' ... glycosylation pattern (糖修飾パターン) :
 +
Click above categories to see details. General description is [[Template:FL_digit56|here]].
 +
; ''w'' ... halogenation etc. (ハロゲン等) :
 +
Currently unused.
 +
; ''c'' ... serial number (通し番号)
 +
 
 +
 
 +
==={{Bilingual|フラボノイドビューワ利用者の方へ|For Users of Flavonoid Viewer}}===
 +
{{Twocolumn|
 +
The flavonoid IDs used in this site is the same as those in Flavonoid Viewer in [http://metabolome.jp/ metabolome.jp] except for the following FL7 category.
 +
|
 +
このサイトで利用しているフラボノイドIDは、[http://metabolome.jp/ metabolome.jp]のFlavonoid Viewerと以下のFL7カテゴリー以外は一致しています。}}
 +
<center>
 +
{|
 +
|-
 +
! colspan ="3" | Anthocyanin glycosylated with other than glucose and galactose
 +
|-
 +
| Flavonoid Viewer<br/> <tt>FL7A..GS</tt>
 +
| &rarr;
 +
| This site<br/><tt>FL7A..GO</tt>
 +
|}
 +
</center>

Latest revision as of 11:10, 19 January 2017

フラボノイドのデータベース

Contents

トップ 化合物検索 著者索引 雑誌索引 構造検索 食品情報 新規入力

[edit] フラボノイドの概要

The word "flavonoid" comes from its Latin origin flavus (yellow), meaning yellow-ish. It comes from its history as yellow natural dye (quercetin and kaempferol are the most widespread flavone dyes. See flavone).

フラボノイドの語源は,ラテン語の flavus （黄色）に「～のような」という意味の oid をつけたものです。これは代表的なフラボンであるquercetinやkaempferolが広く使われてきた黄色の天然色素であることに由来しています (flavone参照)。

In chemistry terms, it is a class of plant secondary metabolites that have two benzene rings (each called A-ring and B-ring) connected by a chain of three carbons (Figure 1). The carbon chain, corresponding to the numbers 2,3,4 in Figure 1, is linked to a hydroxyl group in the A-ring to form the C-ring. The class of flavonoids are usually determined by the modification pattern of the C-ring (Table 1).

化学的な定義でフラボノイドとは, ベンゼン環2個 (それぞれA環B環と呼ばれる) を3つの炭素 (C) で結合した, 植物の代謝産物の総称です (Figure 1)。 Figure 1 において 2,3,4 と番号付けされた炭素鎖は A 環の水酸基と結合して C 環を構成します。フラボノイドのカテゴリーは,たいてい C 環の修飾パターンで決まります (Table 1)。

Figure 1: The Backbone of Flavonoid Structure

Flavonoid is utilized in many industrial processes from pigments to food additives. Well known names include anthocyanin, catechin, flavan, and isoflavone.

フラボノイドの用途は 色素から食品添加物まで多様です。 よく耳にするものでは, アントシアニン, カテキン, フラバン（茶）, イソフラボンなど, 全てフラボノイドです。

Table 1. Flavonoid Classification
1st Class
FL1: Anthochlor
(オーロン、カルコン)

Fl1.png
紅花（末摘花）の黄色

FL2: フラバノン

Fl2.png
みかんジュースの白沈

FL3: フラボン

Fl3.png
セロリやパセリ等ハーブ

FL4: ジヒドロフラボノール

Fl4.png
ブドウの抗酸化成分

FL5: フラボノール

Fl5.png
たまねぎ等多くの野菜

FL6: フラバン
(ロイコアントシアニジン)

Fl6.png
お茶、ココア

FL7: アントシアニ(ジ)ン

Fl7.png
(赤)紫の野菜、果物

FLI: イソフラボノイド

Fli.png
豆類

FLN: ネオフラボノイド

Fln.png

[edit] 生合成のページヘ

[edit] 生物活性のページヘ

[edit] データベース統計

This database collects original references that report identification of flavonoid in various plant species. The database consists of three major namespaces: (flavonoid) compounds, plant species, and references. Currently, 6961 flavonoid structures, 3961 plant species, and 5215 references describing total 19861 metabolite-species relationships are registered.

このデータベースは, 様々な植物種で同定された フラボノイドを報告した文献を 集めたものです。 データベースは 物質、植物種、文献 という 3 つの名前空間で構成されます。 現在 6961 フラボノイド構造, 3961 植物種, そして 5215 文献 に基づく 19861 物質：生物種 の対応関係が登録されています。

class FL1
(chalcones) 		FL2
(flavanones) 		FL3
(flavones) 		FL4
(dihydroflavonols) 		FL5
(flavonols) 		FL6
(flavans) 		FL7
(anthocyanidins) 		FLI
(isoflavonoids) 		FLN
(neoflavonoids) 		Total
#data 690 705 1479 272 1943 291 574 916 96 6961


[edit] 食品含有量

For details, please visit this page.

フラバノンを多く含む食品

Flavanones are rich in citrus, not in vegetables.

フラバノンは野菜ではなく、柑橘類に多く含まれます。

Food Flavanone
(mg/100g) 		食品名
grapefruit, raw or juice 14-53 グレープフルーツ　（生、ジュース）
orange and tangerine, raw or juice 13-33 オレンジ、みかん　(生、ジュース）
フラボンを多く含む食品

Many herbs contain flavones. Parsley is rich in apigenin; celery and thyme in luteolin.

多くのハーブ類はフラボンを含みます。パセリはアピゲニンが豊富で、セロリやタイムにはルテオリンが含まれます。

Food Flavone
(mg/100g) 		食品名
celery hearts, raw 19 セロリの芯 （生）
parsley, raw 302 パセリ　（生）
フラボノールを多く含む食品

Flavonols are prevalent in vegetables, usually in small amounts. Onions, kales, hot peppers are good sources.

フラボノール類は野菜に幅広く含まれますがたいてい少量です。たまねぎ、ケール、唐辛子等には多く含まれます。

Food Flavonol
(mg/100g) 		食品名
buckwheat 23 そば
cranberry, juice 16 クランベリー　（ジュース）
onion, raw or boiled 5-20 たまねぎ　（生、ゆで等）
kale, raw or canned 18-34 ケール　(生、かんづめ）
フラバンを多く含む食品

Catechins and epicatechins are contained in legumes and teas, but not in other vegetables.

カテキンやエピカテキンは豆類や茶に含まれますが、その他の野菜には含まれません。

Food Flavan
(mg/100g or 100ml) 		食品名
broadbeans, raw ～50 そらまめ　（生）
dark chocolate bar ～50 ダークチョコレート
black grapes 18 黒いブドウ
brewed black tea > 16 淹れた紅茶
brewed oolong tea 50 淹れたウーロン茶
brewed green tea > 50 淹れた緑茶
アントシアニンを多く含む食品

Anthocyanins are contained in berries. Vegetables supply only small amounts.

アントシアニン類はベリー類に多く含まれます。野菜が含む量は微かです。

Food Anthocyanin
(mg/100g) 		食品名
blueberries, raw 113 ブルーベリー　（生）
sweet cherries, raw 116 さくらんぼ　（生）
elderberries, raw 749 エルダーベリー　（生）
raspberries, raw 49 ラズベリー　（生）
フラボノイドをあまり含まない野菜、ハーブ

The following vegetables and herbs have flavonoid contents less than 5 mg/100 g: beets, kidney beans, snap beans, cabbage, carrot, cauliflower, cucumber, endive, gourd, leek, lettuce, green peas, sweet pepper, potato, radish, tomato, oregano, perrilla, rosemary

以下の野菜やハーブは フラボノイドの含有量が 5 mg/100 g 以下です。 ビーツ, えんどう豆, キャベツ, にんじん, カリフラワー, きゅうり, エンダイブ, ゴード, 長ねぎ, レタス, グリンピース, パプリカ, ポテト, かぶ, トマト, オレガノ, しそ, ローズマリー


[edit] ID番号の設計

12-DIGIT

F L x x y y z z w c c c
x ... backbone structure (母核構造) 

FL1 aurone and chalcone; FL2 flavanone; FL3 flavone; FL4 Dihydroflavonol; FL5 Flavonol; FL6 Flavan; FL7 Anthocyanin; FLI Isoflavonoid; FLN Neoflavonoid

y ... hydroxylation pattern in A and B ring (水酸基パターン) 

Click above categories to see details. General description is here.

z ... glycosylation pattern (糖修飾パターン) 

Click above categories to see details. General description is here.

w ... halogenation etc. (ハロゲン等) 

Currently unused.

c ... serial number (通し番号)


[edit] フラボノイドビューワ利用者の方へ

The flavonoid IDs used in this site is the same as those in Flavonoid Viewer in metabolome.jp except for the following FL7 category.

このサイトで利用しているフラボノイドIDは、metabolome.jpのFlavonoid Viewerと以下のFL7カテゴリー以外は一致しています。

Anthocyanin glycosylated with other than glucose and galactose
Flavonoid Viewer
FL7A..GS 		→ This site
FL7A..GO

Subcategories

This category has the following 10 subcategories, out of 10 total.

F

  • FL1‎ (4 C)
  • FL2‎ (1 C)
  • FL3‎ (1 C)
  • FL4‎ (1 C)

F cont.

  • FL5‎ (1 C)
  • FL6‎ (4 C)
  • FL7‎ (2 C)
  • FLI‎ (10 C)

F cont.

  • FLN‎ (6 C)
  • [×] FLT‎ (empty)

Pages in category "FL"

The following 2 pages are in this category, out of 2 total.

F

Retrieved from "http://metabolomics.jp/mediawiki/index.php?title=Category:FL&oldid=315233"
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