Category:FL
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Currently unused. | Currently unused. | ||
; ''c'' ... serial number (通し番号) | ; ''c'' ... serial number (通し番号) | ||
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+ | ===For Users of Flavonoid Viewer=== | ||
+ | {{Twocolumn| | ||
+ | The flavonoid IDs used in this site is the same as those in Flavonoid Viewer in [http://metabolome.jp/ metabolome.jp] except for the following FL7 category. | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | このサイトで利用しているフラボノイドIDは、[http://metabolome.jp/ metabolome.jp]のFlavonoid Viewerと以下のFL7カテゴリー以外は一致しています。}} | ||
+ | <center> | ||
+ | {| | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | ! colspan ="3" | Anthocyanin glycosylated with other than glucose and galactose | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Flavonoid Viewer<br/> <tt>FL7A..GS</tt> | ||
+ | | → | ||
+ | | This site<br/><tt>FL7A..GO</tt> | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | </center> |
Revision as of 00:21, 9 October 2008
Flavonoid (フラボノイド)
Related Pages : Molecule Index : Author Index
Contents |
Class Overview
The word "flavonoid" comes from its Latin origin flavus (yellow) with oid, meaning yellow-ish. It is probably due to its function as (yellow) flower pigments. Chemically speaking, it is a class of plant secondary metabolites that have two benzene rings (each called A-ring and B-ring) connected by a chain of three carbons (Figure 1).
The carbon chain, corresponding to the numbers 2,3,4 in Figure 1, is linked to a hydroxyl group in the A-ring to form the C-ring. The class of flavonoids are usually determined by the modification pattern of the C-ring (Table 1).
Flavonoid is utilized in many industrial processes from pigments to food additives. Often heard names include anthocyanin, catechin, flavan (tea), and isoflavone.
Links to familiar names 耳にする名前
- catechin in tea (お茶のカテキン)
- anthocyanin in berries (ベリーのアントシアニン)
- rutin in buckwheat (ソバのルチン)
- hesperidin in orange (ミカンのヘスペリジン)
- naringenin chalcone in tomato (トマトのナリンゲニンカルコン)
Biosynthesis 生合成
Flavonoid is synthesized through the phenylpropanoid-acetate pathway in all higher plants. It is responsible for many biological activities including pigments, anti-oxidative or anti-allergic agents, and signaling elements in nodule formation. Some of them are quite familiar in our daily life.
Database statistics/ranking データベース統計
This database collects original references that report identification of flavonoid in various plant species. The database consists of three major namespaces: (flavonoid) compounds, plant species, and references. Currently, 6961 flavonoid structures, 3961 plant species, and 5215 references describing total 19861 metabolite-species relationships are registered.
Flavonoid RanKING
- Heavy 重い
Heavenly blue anthocyanin ... Well-known skyblue pigment of morning glory (空色で有名な朝顔の色素)
- Light 軽い
1,3-Diphenylpropan-1-one ... close to the amino acid Tryptophan (アミノ酸トリプトファンと同じぐらい)
- Long word (単語が)長い
isopropenyldihydrofuranoflavanone,
glucopyranosyldihydrokaempferol
- Long name (名前が)長い
Flavonoid content in food 食品中の量
Category | Flavonol | Flavone | Flavan | Flavanone |
---|---|---|---|---|
Names | quercetin, kampferol, myricetin, isorhamnetin | apigenin, luteolin | catechin, epicatechin | |
broccoli ブロッコリ | Δ | |||
celery セロリ | ΔΔ | |||
fava そら豆 | ΔΔ | |||
hot pepper とうがらし | ΔΔ | |||
onion たまねぎ | ΔΔ (Δ) | |||
parsley パセリ | ΔΔΔ | |||
peppermint ペパーミント | ΔΔ | |||
spinach ほうれん草 | Δ | |||
thyme タイム | ΔΔΔ | |||
watercress クレソン | Δ | |||
dill, fennel ディル, フェンネル | ΔΔΔ |
Δ 5 to <10 mg/100 g; ΔΔ 10 to <50 mg/100 g; ΔΔΔ 50< mg/100 g
The following vegetables and herbs have flavonoid contents less than 5 mg/100 g: beets, kidney beans, snap beans, cabbage, carrot, cauliflower, cucumber, endive, gourd, leek, lettuce, green peas, sweet pepper, potato, radish, tomato, oregano, perrilla, rosemary
Design of Flavonoid ID numbers ID番号の設計
12-DIGIT
F | L | x | x | y | y | z | z | w | c | c | c |
- x ... backbone structure (母核構造)
FL1 aurone and chalcone; FL2 flavanone; FL3 flavone; FL4 Dihydroflavonol; FL5 Flavonol; FL6 Flavan; FL7 Anthocyanin; FLI Isoflavonoid; FLN Neoflavonoid
- y ... hydroxylation pattern in A and B ring (水酸基パターン)
Click above categories to see details. General description is here.
- z ... glycosylation pattern (糖修飾パターン)
Click above categories to see details. General description is here.
- w ... halogenation etc. (ハロゲン等)
Currently unused.
- c ... serial number (通し番号)
For Users of Flavonoid Viewer
The flavonoid IDs used in this site is the same as those in Flavonoid Viewer in metabolome.jp except for the following FL7 category.
Anthocyanin glycosylated with other than glucose and galactose | ||
---|---|---|
Flavonoid Viewer FL7A..GS |
→ | This site FL7A..GO |
Subcategories
This category has the following 10 subcategories, out of 10 total.