Category:FL

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  |[[:Category:FL2F|FL2F]]||[[:Category:FL2F|Flavanone]]
 
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|align="center" valign="center"|FL3F: [[:Category:FL3F|Flavone]]
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|align="center" valign="center"|[[:Category:FL3F|FL3F: Flavone]]
 
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|align="center"|[[:Category:FL4|FL4: Dihydroflavonol]]<br>[[Image:Fl4.png|100px]]
 
|align="center"|[[:Category:FL4|FL4: Dihydroflavonol]]<br>[[Image:Fl4.png|100px]]

Revision as of 00:26, 23 March 2008

Figure 1: The Backbone of Flavonoid Structure

Contents

FL: Flavonoid

The word "flavonoid" comes from its Latin origin flavus (yellow) with oid, meaning yellow-ish. It is probably due to its function as (yellow) flower pigments. Chemically speaking, it is a class of plant secondary metabolites that have two benzene rings (each called A-ring and B-ring) connected by a chain of three carbons (Figure 1). The carbon chain, corresponding to the numbers 2,3,4 in Figure 1, is linked to a hydroxyl group in the A-ring to form the C-ring. The class of flavonoids are usually determined by the modification pattern of the C-ring (Table 1).

Flavonoid is utilized in many industrial processes from pigments to food additives. Often heard names include anthocyanin, catechin, flavan (tea), and isoflavone.

フラボノイドの語源は、ラテン語のflavus (黄色)に「~のような」という意味のoidをつけたものです。黄色を含む花の色素がフラボノイドだからかもしれません。 化学的な定義でフラボノイドとは、ベンゼン環2個(それぞれA環B環と呼ばれる)を3つの炭素(C)で結合した、植物の代謝産物の総称です(Figure 1)。 Figure 1において2,3,4と番号付けされた炭素鎖はA環の水酸基と結合してC環を構成します。フラボノイドのカテゴリーはたいていC環の修飾パターンで決まります(Table 1)。

フラボノイドの用途は色素から食品添加物まで多様です。よく耳にするものでは、アントシアニン、カテキン、フラバン(茶)、イソフラボンなど、全てフラボノイドです。

Table 1. Flavonoid Classification
1st Class
FL1: Aurone and Chalcone
Fl1.png
FL2: Flavanone
Fl2.png
Fl3: Flavone
Fl3.png
FL2F: Flavanone FL3F: Flavone
FL4: Dihydroflavonol
Fl4.png
FL5: Flavonol
Fl5.png
FL6: Flavan
Fl6.png
FL4D: Dihydroflavonol FL5F: Flavonol
FL7: Anthocyanin
Fl7.png
FLI: Isoflavonoid
Fli.png
FLN: Neoflavonoid
Fln.png

Biosynthesis

Flavonoid is synthesized through the phenylpropanoid-acetate pathway in all higher plants. It is responsible for many biological activities including pigments, anti-oxidative or anti-allergic agents, and signaling elements in nodule formation. Some of them are quite familiar in our daily life.

一般にポリフェノール類は

  1. フェニルプロパノイドパスウェイから生合成されるもの と
  2. 酢酸-マロン酸パスウェイから生合成されるもの
にわかれます。たとえば、1では、クマリン、リグナン、リグニンなどが生合成され、2の酢酸-マロン酸経路では、アントラキノンが知られています。 フラボノイドは、上記2つの脂肪酸フェニルプロパノイドパスウェイと酢酸-マロン酸パスウェイとの組み合わせにより生合成されます。同様のパスウェイから生成される産物には、キサントン、スチルベンなどがあります。

Records in this database

This database collects original references that report identification of flavonoid in various plant species. The database consists of three major namespaces: (flavonoid) compounds, plant species, and references.


Familiar examples

anthocyanin (blueberry), isoflavone (soybean), rutin (soba noodle), catechin (tea), flavan-diol (tea), naringeninchalcone (tomato), polyphenol (wine, cacao)

Subcategories

This category has the following 10 subcategories, out of 10 total.

F

  • FL1(4 C)
  • FL2(1 C)
  • FL3(1 C)
  • FL4(1 C)

F cont.

  • FL5(1 C)
  • FL6(4 C)
  • FL7(2 C)
  • FLI(10 C)

F cont.

  • FLN(6 C)
  • [×] FLT(empty)

Pages in category "FL"

The following 2 pages are in this category, out of 2 total.

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