Category:FL
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[[Image:FL.gif|thumb|150px|right|Figure 1: The Backbone of Flavonoid Structure]] | [[Image:FL.gif|thumb|150px|right|Figure 1: The Backbone of Flavonoid Structure]] | ||
− | ==FL: Flavonoid== | + | ==FL: Flavonoid == |
− | + | {| style="background-color:transparent;width:100%;border-style:none;border-collapse:collapase" | |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="width:50%;vertical-align:top;padding-right:0.2em" | | ||
+ | <p> | ||
+ | The word "flavonoid" comes from its Latin origin ''flavus'' (yellow) with ''oid'', meaning yellow-ish. It is probably due to its function as (yellow) flower pigments. Chemically speaking, it is a class of plant secondary metabolites that have two benzene rings (each called A-ring and B-ring) connected by a chain of three carbons (Figure 1). | ||
The carbon chain, corresponding to the numbers 2,3,4 in Figure 1, is linked to a hydroxyl group in the A-ring to form the C-ring. The class of flavonoids are usually determined by the modification pattern of the C-ring (Table 1). | The carbon chain, corresponding to the numbers 2,3,4 in Figure 1, is linked to a hydroxyl group in the A-ring to form the C-ring. The class of flavonoids are usually determined by the modification pattern of the C-ring (Table 1). | ||
+ | </p> | ||
+ | <p> | ||
+ | Flavonoid is utilized in many industrial processes from pigments to food additives. Often heard names include anthocyanin, catechin, flavan (tea), and isoflavone. | ||
+ | </p> | ||
+ | | style="width:50%;vertical-align:top;padding-left:0.2em" | | ||
+ | <p> | ||
+ | フラボノイドの語源は、ラテン語のflavus (黄色)に「~のような」という意味のoidをつけたものです。黄色を含む花の色素がフラボノイドだからかもしれません。 | ||
+ | 化学的な定義でフラボノイドとは、ベンゼン環2個(それぞれA環B環と呼ばれる)を3つの炭素(C)で結合した、植物の代謝産物の総称です(Figure 1)。 | ||
+ | Figure 1において2,3,4と番号付けされた炭素鎖はA環の水酸基と結合してC環を構成します。フラボノイドのカテゴリーはたいていC環の修飾パターンで決まります(Table 1)。 | ||
+ | </p><p> | ||
+ | フラボノイドの用途は色素から食品添加物まで多様です。よく耳にするものでは、アントシアニン、カテキン、フラバン(茶)、イソフラボンなど、全てフラボノイドです。 | ||
+ | </p> | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | <center> | ||
{| class="wikitable collapsible" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="1" margin: 1em 1em 1em 1em" | {| class="wikitable collapsible" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="1" margin: 1em 1em 1em 1em" | ||
+ | |+ Flavonoid Classification | ||
|- | |- | ||
!colspan="3"|1st Class | !colspan="3"|1st Class | ||
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|} | |} | ||
|} | |} | ||
+ | </center> | ||
<!--- Class Information (Do not delete. It is used by Template:Hierarchy.) | <!--- Class Information (Do not delete. It is used by Template:Hierarchy.) | ||
&&FL&&Flavonoid&& | &&FL&&Flavonoid&& | ||
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&&FLNF&&Coumarinic acid&& | &&FLNF&&Coumarinic acid&& | ||
---> | ---> | ||
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==Biosynthesis== | ==Biosynthesis== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| style="background-color:transparent;width:100%;border-style:none;border-collapse:collapase" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | style="width:50%;vertical-align:top;padding-right:0.2em" | | ||
+ | <p> | ||
Flavonoid is synthesized through the phenylpropanoid-acetate pathway in all higher plants. It is responsible for many biological activities including pigments, anti-oxidative or anti-allergic agents, and signaling elements in nodule formation. Some of them are quite familiar in our daily life. | Flavonoid is synthesized through the phenylpropanoid-acetate pathway in all higher plants. It is responsible for many biological activities including pigments, anti-oxidative or anti-allergic agents, and signaling elements in nodule formation. Some of them are quite familiar in our daily life. | ||
+ | </p> | ||
+ | | style="width:50%;vertical-align:top;padding-left:0.2em" | | ||
+ | <p> | ||
+ | 一般にポリフェノール類は | ||
+ | # フェニルプロパノイドパスウェイから生合成されるもの と | ||
+ | # 酢酸-マロン酸パスウェイから生合成されるもの | ||
+ | にわかれます。たとえば、1では、クマリン、リグナン、リグニンなどが生合成され、2の酢酸-マロン酸経路では、アントラキノンが知られています。 | ||
+ | フラボノイドは、上記2つの脂肪酸フェニルプロパノイドパスウェイと酢酸-マロン酸パスウェイとの組み合わせにより生合成されます。同様のパスウェイから生成される産物には、キサントン、スチルベンなどがあります。 | ||
+ | </p> | ||
+ | |} | ||
==Records in this database== | ==Records in this database== |
Revision as of 10:12, 22 March 2008
Contents |
FL: Flavonoid
The word "flavonoid" comes from its Latin origin flavus (yellow) with oid, meaning yellow-ish. It is probably due to its function as (yellow) flower pigments. Chemically speaking, it is a class of plant secondary metabolites that have two benzene rings (each called A-ring and B-ring) connected by a chain of three carbons (Figure 1). The carbon chain, corresponding to the numbers 2,3,4 in Figure 1, is linked to a hydroxyl group in the A-ring to form the C-ring. The class of flavonoids are usually determined by the modification pattern of the C-ring (Table 1). Flavonoid is utilized in many industrial processes from pigments to food additives. Often heard names include anthocyanin, catechin, flavan (tea), and isoflavone. |
フラボノイドの語源は、ラテン語のflavus (黄色)に「~のような」という意味のoidをつけたものです。黄色を含む花の色素がフラボノイドだからかもしれません。 化学的な定義でフラボノイドとは、ベンゼン環2個(それぞれA環B環と呼ばれる)を3つの炭素(C)で結合した、植物の代謝産物の総称です(Figure 1)。 Figure 1において2,3,4と番号付けされた炭素鎖はA環の水酸基と結合してC環を構成します。フラボノイドのカテゴリーはたいていC環の修飾パターンで決まります(Table 1)。
フラボノイドの用途は色素から食品添加物まで多様です。よく耳にするものでは、アントシアニン、カテキン、フラバン(茶)、イソフラボンなど、全てフラボノイドです。 |
1st Class | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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FL1:Aurone and Chalcone |
FL2:Flavanone |
FL3:Flavone | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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FL2F: Flavanone | FL3F: Flavone | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FL4: Dihydroflavonol |
FL5: Flavonol |
FL6: Flavan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FL4D: Dihydroflavonol | FL5F: Flavonol |
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FL7: Anthocyanin |
FLI: Isoflavonoid |
FLN: Neoflavonoid | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Biosynthesis
Flavonoid is synthesized through the phenylpropanoid-acetate pathway in all higher plants. It is responsible for many biological activities including pigments, anti-oxidative or anti-allergic agents, and signaling elements in nodule formation. Some of them are quite familiar in our daily life. |
一般にポリフェノール類は
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Records in this database
This database collects original references that report identification of flavonoid in various plant species. The database consists of three major namespaces: (flavonoid) compounds, plant species, and references.
Familiar examples
anthocyanin (blueberry), isoflavone (soybean), rutin (soba noodle), catechin (tea), flavan-diol (tea), naringeninchalcone (tomato), polyphenol (wine, cacao)
Subcategories
This category has the following 10 subcategories, out of 10 total.