Doc:Scientific name
From Metabolomics.JP
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| − | Example. x ''Aeridachnis Hort.'' → Hybrids between genera [Aerides x Arachnis 1966] in | + | Example. x ''Aeridachnis Hort.'' → Hybrids between genera [Aerides x Arachnis 1966] in Orchidaceae. |
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Revision as of 11:30, 11 December 2009
ここでは植物の学名情報を扱っています。
Contents |
What is Scientific name?
Scientific name (informally referred to as Latin name) is the formal system for naming species under the guideline by International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN). Each name is written as two Latin words, a genus name and a specific name or epithet, followed by the (for plants, abbreviated) surname of the reporting scientist. For animals, abbreviation is not allowed. This binomial nomenclature was proposed by Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778).
Plant Classification (分類体系)
All taxonomy systems try to reflect the trace of evolution. There are 3 major systems. (For others see here.
- The Engler System
- Proposed by a German taxonomist, Adolf Engler (1844-1930). He considered plants evolved from simpler to more complex forms, such as from achlamydeous, monochlamydeous, schizopetalous, then to gamopetalous.
- The Cronquist System
- Proposed by Arthur Cronquist in 1988. He considered hermaphrodite flowers with multiple perianth, stamens and pistils as the most primitive style. The overall classification is based on the form of stamens.
- The APG System
- Proposed by a group of scientists in 1998, it is based on the phylogenetic tree of mitochondrial DNA sequences in chloroplasts. APG is the name of the scientists' group. Many species are still unclassified.
Names with + or X
- Names with + at the beginning
- They are grafted species between different genera.
- Names with X at the beginning
- They are hybrids between different genera.
References (参考資料)
Books
Website
- 国立国会図書館 植物学名の調べ方
- まずはここを見て利用可能なリソースをチェックしましょう。
GBIF_IDという独自コードで各生物種の情報を確認できるので便利。
- ZipcodeZoo
- 動植物の分類を系統的に追える。写真・地理分布・原著論文も掲載。重いが、学名については最も情報量が豊富そう。
- 千葉大学・BG Plants 和名−学名インデックス/米倉浩司・梶田忠 (2003-)
- 以前は和名、学名、別名、科名情報（YList）をタブ区切りテキストファイルとしてダウンロードできた。資料を用いた成果発表には、上記サイトの引用が必要。リストの二次配布不可。
- The International Plant Names Index (IPNI)
- 植物個々について科名までを表示
- University of Melbourne > Multiscript Plant Name Database > Sorting Medicinal plants
- 植物種名のマルチリンガル・データベース。日本語・ベンガル語・ヒンディ語・中国語に対応。「Sorting Medicinal plants」のページあり。
- FRLHT's - Encyclopedia of Indian Medicinal Plants
- 学名から、各国語での名称の発音等を検索できる（整備中？）。
