Category:FL1

Revision as of 10:54, 11 December 2009

Aurone, Auronol, Chalcone, and Dihydrochalcone

Upper classes : FL Flavonoid

Class
FL1A	Aurone	FL1B	Auronol
FL1C	Chalcone	FL1D	Dihydrochalcone

Chalcones and aurones are called anthochlor (chlōros means yellow in Greek). When flowers with anthochlor are fumed with ammonia, they turn to red. Anthochlors are found in at least Caryophyllaceae, Compositae, Rosaceae, and Scrophulariaceae. Aurones are oxidized forms of chalcones and usually both exist together in yellow flowers. Chalcones, unlike aurones, occur sporadically in other parts of plants.

Carthamin (カルタミン)

The oldest known chalcone is from safflower (Carthamus tinctorius), a crimson dye that has long been used in India, Egypt, Japan, and other countries. Major pigments in safflower are water-soluble Safflor yellow A, Safflomin A, Safflomin B and Safflomin C (60%). On the other hand, red Carthamin, which is water-insoluble, is only less than 1%. The structure of Carthamin, two chalcones connected by a methine group, was identified by Onodera et al. in 1979. (This is why we do not have Carthamin in this database, which collects only chalcone monomers. The same is true for Safflomin B, whose structure is a coupling of two chalcones.)

• Obara H., Onodera J. "Structure of Carthamin", Chem. Lett 201-204, 1979
• Obara H., Onodera J., Sato S. "Carthamin, the Red Pigment of Safflower" Bull. Yamagata Univ. 22(2), 1993 (in Japanese)

Database statistics データベース統計

Major Plant Families