View source for Category:FL7

==={{Bilingual|分布|Distribution}}===
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Anthocyanin is almost ubiquitous, whereas 3-Deoxyanthocyanin ([[FL7DACNS0001|luteolinidin]] and [[FL7DAANS0001|apigeninidin]]) is found only in some lower plants (moss and fern<ref>Bendz G, Martensson O, Terenlus L: Moss pigments I. The anthocyanins of Bryum cryophilum O. Mart. Acta Chem Scand 1962 16:1183-1190</ref><ref>Bendz G, Martensson O: Moss pigments II. The anthocyanins of Bryum rutilans Brid. and Bryum weigelii Spreng. Acta Chem Scand 1963 17:266</ref><ref>Comparative biochemistry of the flavonoids-II. 3-Desoxyanthocyanins and their systematic distribution in ferns and gesnerads. Phytochemistry 1966 5:589-600</ref>) and in sorghum ([[Species:Sorghum|''Sorghum bicolor'']] <ref>Nip WK, Burns EE: Pigment characterization in grain Sorghum. Cereal Chem 1969 46:490-495 also in 1971 48:74-80</ref>), gloxinia ([[Species:Sinningia|''Sinningia cardinalis'']]) and many species in [[:Category:Gesneriaceae|Gesneriaceae]]<ref>Harborne JB: Comparative biochemistry of the flavonoids-II. 3-Desoxyanthocyanins and their systematic distribution in ferns and gesnerads. Phytochemistry 5:589-600</ref>.<br/>
The 9 known families without anthocyanin are [[:Category:Aizoaceae|Aizoaceae]], [[:Category:Amaranthaceae|Amaranthaceae]], [[:Category:Basellaceae|Basellaceae]], [[:Category:Cactaceae|Cactaceae]], [[:Category:Chenopodiaceae|Chenopodiaceae]], [[:Category:Didiereaceae|Didiereaceae]], [[:Category:Nyctaginaceae|Nyctaginaceae]], [[:Category:Phytolaccaceae|Phytolaccaceae]], [[:Category:Portulacaceae|Portulacaceae]] (all in the order Caryophylalles. However, [[:Category:Caryophyllaceae|Caryophyllaceae]] and [[:Category:Molluginaceae|Molluginaceae]] synthesize anthocyanins). These families are considered to have unfunctional genes, and instead synthesize the betalain instead of anthocyanin.<ref>Piattelli M, Minale L: Pigments of centrospermae-II. Distribution of betacyanins. Phytochemistry 1964 3:547-557</ref>
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アントシアニンはほぼ植物全般に見つかりますが、3-デオキシアントシアニン([[FL7DACNS0001|luteolinidin]] and [[FL7DAANS0001|apigeninidin]])は下等植物(コケ、シダ)の他にはソルガム ([[Species:Sorghum|''Sorghum bicolor'']]), グロキシニア ([[Species:Sinningia|''Sinningia cardinalis'']])および[[:Category:Gesneriaceae|イワタバコ科]]に属する種で見つかっています。<br/>
アントシアニンを含まないことが知られている9科は [[:Category:Aizoaceae|ハマミズナ科(ツルナ科)]], [[:Category:Amaranthaceae|ヒユ科]], [[:Category:Basellaceae|ツルムラサキ科]], [[:Category:Cactaceae|サボテン科]], [[:Category:Chenopodiaceae|アカザ科(ヒユ科 in APG-II)]], [[:Category:Didiereaceae|カナボウノキ科]], [[:Category:Nyctaginaceae|オシロイバナ科]], [[:Category:Phytolaccaceae|ヤマゴボウ科]], [[:Category:Portulacaceae|スベリヒユ科]] (全てナデシコ目。ただしナデシコ目でも[[:Category:Caryophyllaceae|ナデシコ科]]、[[:Category:Molluginaceae|ザクロソウ科]]はアントシアニンを合成)。これらの科は遺伝子レベルでは合成酵素を持つものの、機能していないと考えられています。代わりの色素ベタレインを生産します。
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