Category:BMAA
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| proline || Pro || P || -NH-(CH2)3- || neutral, cyclic, 2nd amine || 6.2 || | | proline || Pro || P || -NH-(CH2)3- || neutral, cyclic, 2nd amine || 6.2 || | ||
|} | |} | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==D and L in Amino Acid== | ||
| + | {{Twocolumn| | ||
| + | Except for Glycine, all amino acids contain chiral carbons, distinguished by D or L (R or S). In the Fischer projection, which places the carboxyl group upward and amino acid-specific branch downward, the amino group must comes either left or right, protruding from the paper plane. If the hydrogen is left and amino group is right, the amino acid is called D, after D-glyceraldehide. If the amino group is left, it is called L. | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | Glycineを除いて全てのアミノ酸は不斉炭素を持ち、D,L (R,S)の区別があります。カルボキシル基を上に、アミノ酸毎に異なる側鎖を下にしたFischer投影式を描くと、（紙面より上向きに配置される）アミノ基が左と右の場合があります。このうち水素が左アミノ基が右になるほうをD-グリセルアルデヒドに倣ってD-アミノ酸、アミノ基が左にくるものをL-アミノ酸とします。D-グリセルアルデヒドとセリンを並べてみると、ＤとＬの理由がよくわかります。 | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | ===DL and RS do not coincide=== | ||
| + | {{Twocolumn| | ||
| + | In the RS notation, 19 L-amino acids become S-form (when H is placed behind the paper plane, the amino group, carboxyl group and side chain are arranged anticlockwise). Only L-cysteine becomes R-form because S in the side chain makes the arrangement in the order of the amino group, side chain, and carboxyl group. For this reason, although its tetrapodal configuration is the same as the rest of amino acids, it takes R-form. For the same reason, cystine is also R-form. | ||
| + | | | ||
| + | アミノ酸をRS表記してみると、１９のＬ-アミノ酸がS体となります（Ｈを紙面の裏側に配置したとき、アミノ基、カルボキシル基、側鎖の順にまわると左回りになる）。ただひとつL-cysteineは、側鎖にSがくるためにアミノ基、側鎖、カルボキシル基の順番に回ります。そのため正四面体構造における配置は一緒なのですが、R体となります。システインのほかにシスチンも同様の理由でR体となります。 | ||
| + | }} | ||
Revision as of 11:27, 21 May 2008
| Basic Metabolism Top (代謝トップ) |
Molecule Index (化合物索引) |
EC classes ( EC分類) |
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Upper classes : BM Basic Metabolites
BMAA: Amino Acids
<p> Proteins are constituted from 20 amino acids. An amino acid has a carbon connected by an amino group and a carboxyl group (called an alpha carbon).
</p>| Straight Class | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMAAS2 | Straight length 2 Gly 
|
BMAAS3 | Straight length 3 Ser, Cys, Ala 
|
BMAAS4 | Straight length 4 Asp, Asn, Thr 
|
| BMAAS5 | Straight length 5 Gln, Glu 
|
BMAAS6 | Straight length 6 Lys 
|
||
| Branched Class | |||||
| BMAAB4 | Branched length 4 Val, Met 
|
BMAAB5 | Branched length 5 Arg, Leu, Ile 
|
BMAAB6 | Branched length 6
|
| BMAACC | Cyclic Phe, Tyr, Trp, His, Pro 120px |
||||
| Name | Code | Symbol | Structure | Character | pI | Required? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| alanine | Ala | A | -CH3 | neutral | 6.0 | |
| serine | Ser | S | -CH2OH | neutral | 5.7 | |
| threonine | Thr | T | -CH(OH)CH3 | neutral | 5.6 | ○ |
| valine | Val | V | -CH(CH3)2 | neutral, branched | 6.0 | ○ |
| leucine | Leu | L | -CH2CH(CH3)2 | neutral, branched | 6.0 | ○ |
| isoleucine | Ile | I | -CH(CH3)CH2CH3 | neutral, branched | 6.0 | ○ |
| aspartic acid | Asp | D | -CH2COOH | acidic | 2.8 | |
| glutamic acid | Glu | E | -CH2CH2COOH | acidic | 3.2 | |
| asparagine | Asn | N | -CH2CONH2 | acidic, amido | 5.4 | |
| glutamine | Gln | Q | -CH2CH2CONH2 | acidic, amido | 5.7 | |
| lysine | Lys | K | -(CH2)4NH2 | basic | 9.7 | ○ |
| arginine | Arg | R | -(CH2)3NHC(=NH)NH2 | basic | 10.8 | |
| cysteine | Cys | C | -CH2SH | neutral, S | 5.1 | |
| methionine | Met | M | -(CH2)2SCH3 | neutral, S | 5.7 | ○ |
| phenylalanine | Phe | F | -CH2-Benz | neutral, aromatic | 5.5 | ○ |
| tyrosine | Tyr | Y | -CH2-Benz-OH | neutral, aromatic | 5.7 | |
| tryptophan | Trp | W | -CH2-Indole | neutral, aromatic | 5.9 | ○ |
| histidine | His | H | -CH2-Imidazole | basic, atomatic | 7.6 | ○ |
| proline | Pro | P | -NH-(CH2)3- | neutral, cyclic, 2nd amine | 6.2 |
D and L in Amino Acid
Except for Glycine, all amino acids contain chiral carbons, distinguished by D or L (R or S). In the Fischer projection, which places the carboxyl group upward and amino acid-specific branch downward, the amino group must comes either left or right, protruding from the paper plane. If the hydrogen is left and amino group is right, the amino acid is called D, after D-glyceraldehide. If the amino group is left, it is called L.
DL and RS do not coincide
In the RS notation, 19 L-amino acids become S-form (when H is placed behind the paper plane, the amino group, carboxyl group and side chain are arranged anticlockwise). Only L-cysteine becomes R-form because S in the side chain makes the arrangement in the order of the amino group, side chain, and carboxyl group. For this reason, although its tetrapodal configuration is the same as the rest of amino acids, it takes R-form. For the same reason, cystine is also R-form.
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