Category:TP5
From Metabolomics.JP
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=={{Bilingual|生合成|Biosynthesis}}== | =={{Bilingual|生合成|Biosynthesis}}== | ||
==={{Bilingual|概要|Overview}}=== | ==={{Bilingual|概要|Overview}}=== | ||
+ | Two major classes of terpene synthases exist: "transoid" and "cisoid" synthase. | ||
+ | Transoid synthase directly ionizes ('trans','trans')-farnesyl diphosphate, whereas | ||
+ | Cisoid synthase first isomerizes C2-C3 double bond to produce the neutral (3'R')- or (3'S')-nerolidyl diphosphate (enzyme-bound) and then ionizes it. | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right" | ||
+ | ! Substrate || Type || Intermediate | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | rowspan="2"| Farnesyl diphosphate (FPP)<br/>[[Image:Farnesyl_diphosphate.png]] | ||
+ | | Transoid synthase on (2-''trans'',6-''trans'')-FPP<br/> | ||
+ | | [[Image:Farnesyl_cation.png]] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | Cisoid synthase on (2-''cis'',6-''trans'')-FPP<br/> | ||
+ | | (nerolidyl cation)<br/>[[Image:Nerolidyl_cation.png]] | ||
+ | |} | ||
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<!---FARNESYL---> | <!---FARNESYL---> | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |rowspan="7" align="center"| farnesyl cation<br/>[[Image:Farnesyl cation.png|100px]] | + | |rowspan="7" align="center" valign="top"| farnesyl cation<br/>[[Image:Farnesyl cation.png|100px]] |
|colspan="2"| | |colspan="2"| | ||
{| | {| | ||
| farnesane, acyclic ones | | farnesane, acyclic ones | ||
| cyclobutane, cyclopentane | | cyclobutane, cyclopentane | ||
− | | | + | | cyclofarnesan |
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |rowspan="3"|(E,E)-germacradiene<br/>[[Image:(E,E)-Germacradienyl cation.png | + | |rowspan="3" valign="top"|(E,E)-germacradiene<br/>[[Image:(E,E)-Germacradienyl cation.png]] |
+ | <hr style="border:dashed"/> | ||
* germacrane<br/>[[Image:Germacrene A.png|90px]] | * germacrane<br/>[[Image:Germacrene A.png|90px]] | ||
* lepidozane<br/>[[Image:Lepidozane.png|90px]] | * lepidozane<br/>[[Image:Lepidozane.png|90px]] | ||
* bicyclogermacrane<br/>[[Image:Bicyclogermacrane.png|90px]] | * bicyclogermacrane<br/>[[Image:Bicyclogermacrane.png|90px]] | ||
− | | eudesmane (= selinane)<br/>[[Image:Eudesmanyl cation.png | + | | eudesmane (= selinane)<br/>[[Image:Eudesmanyl cation.png]]<!---[[Image:beta-Selinene.png|80px]]--> |
− | * cycloeudesmane | + | <hr style="border:dashed"/> |
− | * elemane ... 7,8 seco form | + | * cycloeudesmane<br/>[[Image:Cycloeudesmane.png|85px]] |
− | * emmotin ... 14(10→1) abeo form | + | * elemane ... 7,8 seco form<br/>[[Image:Elemene.png|85px]] |
− | * farfugin ... 14(10→9) abeo form | + | * emmotin ... 14(10→1) abeo form<br/>[[Image:Emmotin.png|85px]] |
− | * gorgonane 11(7→6) abeo form | + | * farfugin ... 14(10→9) abeo form<br/>[[Image:Farfugin.png|85px]] |
− | * oppositane ... 8(7→6) abeo form | + | * gorgonane 11(7→6) abeo form<br/>[[Image:Gorgonane.png|70px]] |
− | * valerane (= jatamansane) 15(4→5) abeo form | + | * oppositane ... 8(7→6) abeo form<br/>[[Image:Oppositane.png|85px]] |
− | | | + | * valerane (= jatamansane) 15(4→5) abeo form<br/>[[Image:Valerane.png|85px]] |
+ | |valign="top"|vetispiradienyl cation<br/>[[Image:Vetispiradienyl_cation.png|90px]] | ||
+ | <hr style="border:dashed"/> | ||
* vetispiradiene<br/>[[Image:Vetispiradiene.png|80px]] | * vetispiradiene<br/>[[Image:Vetispiradiene.png|80px]] | ||
* spirovetivane (= vetispirane)<br/>[[Image:Spirovetivane.png|80px]] | * spirovetivane (= vetispirane)<br/>[[Image:Spirovetivane.png|80px]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| eremophilane (= 14(10→5) abeoeudesmane)<br/>[[Image:Eremophilenyl cation.png|100px]] | | eremophilane (= 14(10→5) abeoeudesmane)<br/>[[Image:Eremophilenyl cation.png|100px]] | ||
− | + | * aristolochene<br/>[[Image:5-epi-Aristolochene.png|85px]] | |
− | * aristolane ... 6,11-cyclo form<br/>[[Image: | + | * aristolane ... 6,11-cyclo form<br/>[[Image:Aristolane.png|80px]] |
− | * chiloscyphane ...8(7→6) abeo form | + | * chiloscyphane ...8(7→6) abeo form<br/>[[Image:Chiloscyphane.png|80px]] |
− | * nardosinane ... 11(7→6) abeo form | + | * nardosinane ... 11(7→6) abeo form<br/>[[Image:Nardosinane.png|70px]] |
− | + | * cacalol ... 14(5→6) abeo form<br/>[[Image:Cacalol.png|85px]] | |
− | * cacalol ... 14(5→6) abeo form | + | * fukinane ... 9(8→7) abeo form<br/>[[Image:Fukinane.png|85px]] [[Petasites japonicus]] |
− | * fukinane ... 9(8→7) abeo form<br/>[[Petasites japonicus]] | + | * brasilane<br/>[[Image:Brasilane.png|75px]] |
− | * ishwarane | + | * thapsane<br/>[[Image:Thapsane.png|85px]] |
+ | * ishwarane<br/>[[Image:Ishwarane.png|60px]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | [http://www.orc.wur.nl/UK/Research/Bio-catalyzed+and+bio-based+synthesis+(dr.+M.C.R.+Franssen)/Sesquiterpene+biosynthesis guaiane] | + | | [http://www.orc.wur.nl/UK/Research/Bio-catalyzed+and+bio-based+synthesis+(dr.+M.C.R.+Franssen)/Sesquiterpene+biosynthesis guaiane]<br/>[[Image:Guaiane.png|85px]] |
− | * xanthane, carabrane ... 4,5 seco form | + | * xanthane ... 4,5 seco form<br/>[[Image:Xanthane.png|70px]] |
− | * pseudoguaiane ... 15(4→5) abeo form | + | * carabrane ... 4,5 seco form<br/>[[Image:Carabrane.png|70px]] |
− | * valerenane ... 8(7→6) abeo form | + | * pseudoguaiane ... 15(4→5) abeo form<br/>[[Image:Pseudoguaiane.png|70px]] |
+ | * valerenane ... 8(7→6) abeo form<br/>[[Image:Valerenane.png|75px]] | ||
| | | | ||
− | + | cycloguaiane | |
* cubebane ... 1,6-cyclo form<br/>[[Image:Cubebane.png|80px]] | * cubebane ... 1,6-cyclo form<br/>[[Image:Cubebane.png|80px]] | ||
* ivaxillarane ... 8,10-cyclo form<br/>[[Image:Ivaxillarane.png|80px]] | * ivaxillarane ... 8,10-cyclo form<br/>[[Image:Ivaxillarane.png|80px]] | ||
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|rowspan="2"| (E,E)-humulane<br/>[[Image:(E,E)-Humulyl cation.png|100px]] | |rowspan="2"| (E,E)-humulane<br/>[[Image:(E,E)-Humulyl cation.png|100px]] | ||
* bicyclohumulane<br/>[[Image:Bicyclohumulane.png|80px]] | * bicyclohumulane<br/>[[Image:Bicyclohumulane.png|80px]] | ||
− | |||
− | |||
| caryophyllane<br/>[[Image:(E)-beta-Caryophyllene.png|80px]] | | caryophyllane<br/>[[Image:(E)-beta-Caryophyllene.png|80px]] | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | [http://stoltz.caltech.edu/seminars/2009_Henry.pdf africanane]<br/>[[Image:Africanane.png|80px]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040402099002562 drimane]<br/>[[Image:Drimane.png|100px]] | | [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040402099002562 drimane]<br/>[[Image:Drimane.png|100px]] | ||
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|rowspan="2"| bisabolane<br/>[[Image:Bisabolyl cation.png|100px]] | |rowspan="2"| bisabolane<br/>[[Image:Bisabolyl cation.png|100px]] | ||
* thujopsane<br/>[[Image:(-)-Sesquithujene.png|80px]] | * thujopsane<br/>[[Image:(-)-Sesquithujene.png|80px]] | ||
− | | | + | | chamigrane ... 6,11-cyclobisabolane<br/>[[Image:Chamigrane.png|90px]] |
− | * acorane ... 6,10-cyclobisabolane<br/>[[Image:Acorane| | + | * acorane ... 6,10-cyclobisabolane<br/>[[Image:Acorane.png|80px]] |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | cuparane (= 7,11-cyclobisabolane) | + | | cuparane (= 7,11-cyclobisabolane)<br/>[[Image:Cuparane.png|95px]] |
− | * herbertane [[liverwort,fungi]] ... 15(3→4) abeo form | + | * herbertane [[liverwort,fungi]] ... 15(3→4) abeo form<br/>[[Image:Herbertane.png|80px]] |
− | * laurane [[Laurencia spp. (marine)]] ... 13(11→10) abeo form | + | * laurane [[Laurencia spp. (marine)]] ... 13(11→10) abeo form<br/>[[Image:Laurane.png|90px]] |
− | | trichothecane <ref>Grove JF "Non-Macrocyclic Trichothecenes" Nat Prod Rep 5:187-209, 1988</ref> | + | * cyclolaurane <br/>[[Image:Cyclolaurane.png|85px]] |
+ | | trichothecane <ref>Grove JF "Non-Macrocyclic Trichothecenes" Nat Prod Rep 5:187-209, 1988</ref><br/>[[Image:Trichothecane.png|50px]] | ||
+ | * gymnomitrane<br/>[[Image:Gymnomitrane.png|70px]] | ||
{| | {| | ||
− | + | | widdrane<!--structure not shown<br/>[[Image:Widdrane.png|70px]]--> | |
− | | widdrane | + | |
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| (Z,E)-germacradiene<br/>[[Image:(Z,E)-Germacradienyl cation.png|100px]] | | (Z,E)-germacradiene<br/>[[Image:(Z,E)-Germacradienyl cation.png|100px]] | ||
− | | cadinane<br/>[[Image: | + | | cadinane<br/>[[Image:Cadinane.png|90px]] |
− | * bulgarane | + | * muurolane<br/>[[Image:Muurolane.png|80px]] |
− | * alliacane/primnatriene ... 2(3→4) abeo cadinane | + | * bulgarane<br/>[[Image:Bulgarane.png|80px]] |
− | * oplopane ... 3(4→5) abeo cadinane | + | * amorphane<br/>[[Image:Amorphane.png|80px]] |
− | * mutisianthol ... 6(7→8) abeo cadinane | + | * calamenene<br/>[[Image:Calamenene.png|80px]] |
− | * copaane ... 5,10 cyclo cadinane | + | * cadalane<br/>[[Image:Cadalane.png|80px]] |
+ | * alliacane ... 2(3→4) abeo cadinane<br/>[[Image:Alliacane.png|80px]] | ||
+ | * primnatriene ... 2(3→4) abeo cadinane<br/>[[Image:Primnatriene.png|80px]] | ||
+ | * oplopane ... 3(4→5) abeo cadinane<br/>[[Image:Oplopane.png|80px]] | ||
+ | * mutisianthol ... 6(7→8) abeo cadinane<br/>[[Image:Mutisianthol.png|90px]] | ||
+ | * copaane ... 5,10 cyclo cadinane<br/>[[Image:Copaane.png|80px]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|rowspan="2"| (Z,E)-humulane<br/>[[Image:(Z,E)-Humulyl cation.png|100px]] | |rowspan="2"| (Z,E)-humulane<br/>[[Image:(Z,E)-Humulyl cation.png|100px]] | ||
− | | [http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ejoc.200300812/pdf himachalane] | + | | [http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ejoc.200300812/pdf himachalane]<br/>[[Image:Himachalane.png|85px]] |
− | * lippifoliane | + | * lippifoliane<br/>[[Image:Lippifoliane.png|80px]] |
− | * longipinane | + | * longipinane<br/>[[Image:Longipinane.png|75px]] |
− | * longibornane | + | * longibornane<br/>[[Image:Longibornane.png|75px]] |
− | * longifolane<br/>[[Image:(+)-Longifolene.png| | + | * longifolane<br/>[[Image:Longifolane.png|70px]]<!--[[Image:(+)-Longifolene.png|60px]]--> |
|- | |- | ||
− | | protoilludane | + | | protoilludane<br/>[[Image:Protoilludane.png|95px]] |
− | * illudane | + | * illudane<br/>[[Image:Illudane.png|85px]] |
− | * illudalane ... 4,6-secoilludane | + | * illudalane ... 4,6-secoilludane<br/>[[Image:Illudalane.png|85px]] |
− | * sterpurane ... 5(6→7)-abeoilludane | + | * sterpurane ... 5(6→7)-abeoilludane<br/>[[Image:Sterpurane.png|85px]] |
− | * | + | * isolactarane<br/>[[Image:Isolactarane.png|85px]] |
− | | hirsutane | + | * merulane<br/>[[Image:Merulane.png|85px]] |
+ | * lactarane<br/>[[Image:Lactarane.png|85px]] | ||
+ | * marasmane<br/>[[Image:Marasmane.png|75px]] | ||
+ | | hirsutane<br/>[[Image:Hirsutane.png|90px]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| cycloheptenyl cation<br/>[[Image:Cycloheptenyl cation.png|100px]] | | cycloheptenyl cation<br/>[[Image:Cycloheptenyl cation.png|100px]] | ||
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* zizaane<br/>[[Image:Zizaane.png|80px]] | * zizaane<br/>[[Image:Zizaane.png|80px]] | ||
* prezizaane<br/>[[Image:Prezizaane.png|80px]] | * prezizaane<br/>[[Image:Prezizaane.png|80px]] | ||
+ | * clovane<br/>[[Image:Clovane.png|80px]] | ||
+ | * precapnellane<br/>[[Image:Precapnellane.png|80px]] | ||
+ | * capnellane<br/>[[Image:Capnellane.png|80px]] | ||
+ | * pentalenane<br/>[[Image:Pentalenane.png|80px]] | ||
+ | * silphinane<br/>[[Image:Silphinane.png|80px]] | ||
+ | * silphiperfoliane<br/>[[Image:Silphiperfoliane.png|80px]] | ||
+ | * presilphiperfolane<br/>[[Image:Presilphiperfolane.png|80px]] | ||
+ | * isocomane<br/>[[Image:Isocomane.png|80px]] | ||
+ | * panasinsane<br/>[[Image:Panasinsane.png|80px]] | ||
+ | * modhephane<br/>[[Image:Modhephane.png|80px]] | ||
+ | * quadrane<br/>[[Image:Quadrane.png|80px]] | ||
+ | * campherenane<br/>[[Image:Campherenane.png|80px]] | ||
+ | * alpha-santalane<br/>[[Image:alpha-Santalane.png|80px]] | ||
+ | * beta-santalane<br/>[[Image:beta-Santalane.png|80px]] | ||
+ | * sativane<br/>[[Image:Sativane.png|80px]] | ||
+ | * helminthosporane<br/>[[Image:Helminthosporane.png|80px]] | ||
+ | * copacamphane<br/>[[Image:Copacamphane.png|80px]] | ||
+ | * cyclocopacamphane<br/>[[Image:Cyclocopacamphane.png|80px]] | ||
+ | * sinularane<br/>[[Image:Sinularane.png|80px]] | ||
+ | * cyclosinularane<br/>[[Image:Cyclosinularane.png|80px]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} |
Latest revision as of 13:17, 22 July 2014
Contents |
[edit] Sesquiterpene (C15)
[edit] Ring configuration
[edit] Germacrane
[edit] Sesquiterpenes
[edit] Biosynthesis
[edit] Overview
Two major classes of terpene synthases exist: "transoid" and "cisoid" synthase. Transoid synthase directly ionizes ('trans','trans')-farnesyl diphosphate, whereas Cisoid synthase first isomerizes C2-C3 double bond to produce the neutral (3'R')- or (3'S')-nerolidyl diphosphate (enzyme-bound) and then ionizes it.
Substrate | Type | Intermediate |
---|---|---|
Farnesyl diphosphate (FPP)![]() |
Transoid synthase on (2-trans,6-trans)-FPP |
![]() |
Cisoid synthase on (2-cis,6-trans)-FPP |
(nerolidyl cation)![]() |
- References
[edit] Sesquiterpene Synthase
farnesyl diphosphate![]() | ||||||||
![]() | ||||||||
farnesyl cation![]() |
| |||||||
(E,E)-germacradiene![]() |
eudesmane (= selinane)![]() |
vetispiradienyl cation![]() | ||||||
eremophilane (= 14(10→5) abeoeudesmane)![]()
| ||||||||
guaiane![]() |
cycloguaiane | |||||||
(E,E)-humulane![]() |
caryophyllane![]() | |||||||
africanane![]() | ||||||||
drimane![]() |
||||||||
nerolidyl cation![]() |
bisabolane![]() |
chamigrane ... 6,11-cyclobisabolane![]() | ||||||
cuparane (= 7,11-cyclobisabolane)![]()
|
trichothecane [1]![]()
| |||||||
(Z,E)-germacradiene![]() |
cadinane![]() | |||||||
(Z,E)-humulane![]() |
himachalane![]() | |||||||
protoilludane![]() |
hirsutane![]() | |||||||
cycloheptenyl cation![]() |
daucane (= carotane)![]() | |||||||
furodysin![]() | ||||||||
others |
|
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