Doc:Tea/Others

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{{Tea/Header}}
 
{{Tea/Header}}
=={{Bilingual|モチノキ属|Genus ''Ilex''}}==
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=={{Bilingual|モチノキ属の茶|Tea from genus ''Ilex''}}==
  
 
==={{Bilingual|苦丁茶|Ku-Ding Tea}}===
 
==={{Bilingual|苦丁茶|Ku-Ding Tea}}===
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In China and Japan, leaves of [[Species:Ilex|''Ilex kudingcha'']] C. J. Tseng, ''I. cornuta'' (Chinese holly), and ''I. latifolia'' Thunb. are used for the Ku-Ding Tea. Its extreme bitterness comes from triterpene saponins, mainly those derived from ursolic acid. A purified saponin fraction of ''Ilex pubescens'' root is known to exhibit anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.<ref>Wang JR, Zhou H, Jiang ZH, Wong YF, Liu L (2008) In vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of a purified saponin fraction derived from the root of Ilex pubescens. ''Biol Pharm Bull'' 31(4):643-50</ref>
 
In China and Japan, leaves of [[Species:Ilex|''Ilex kudingcha'']] C. J. Tseng, ''I. cornuta'' (Chinese holly), and ''I. latifolia'' Thunb. are used for the Ku-Ding Tea. Its extreme bitterness comes from triterpene saponins, mainly those derived from ursolic acid. A purified saponin fraction of ''Ilex pubescens'' root is known to exhibit anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.<ref>Wang JR, Zhou H, Jiang ZH, Wong YF, Liu L (2008) In vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of a purified saponin fraction derived from the root of Ilex pubescens. ''Biol Pharm Bull'' 31(4):643-50</ref>
 
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中国と日本では、''Ilex kudingcha'' C. J. Tseng, ''I. cornuta'' (中国ヒイラギ), and ''I. latifolia'' Thunb. の葉を、苦丁茶として飲用する。その味はとても苦く、トリテルペンサポニン (ursolic acidとその配糖体) が原因である<ref>根岸紀 (2007) 苦丁茶の成分と機能性.  日本食生活学会誌 18(1):25–31</ref>。同属の''Ilex pubescens''の根から抽出したサポニンは、抗炎症、抗アレルギー効果を持つことが知られている。
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中国と日本では、''Ilex kudingcha'' C. J. Tseng, ''I. cornuta'' (中国ヒイラギ), and ''I. latifolia'' Thunb. の葉を、苦丁茶として飲用します。その味はとても苦く、トリテルペンサポニン (ursolic acidとその配糖体) が原因です<ref>根岸紀 (2007) 苦丁茶の成分と機能性.  日本食生活学会誌 18(1):25–31</ref>。同属の''Ilex pubescens''の根から抽出したサポニンは、抗炎症、鎮痛効果を持つことが知られています。
 
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{{Twocolumn|
 
{{Twocolumn|
 
In Brazil and Paraguay, leaves of ''[[Species:Ilex|Ilex paraguayensis]]'' or ''I. paraguensis'' or ''I. paraguariensis'' are used for Mate tea.<ref name="martin">Martin H (1977) The history of Ilex with special reference to Australia. Australian Journal of Botany 25,655-673</ref> It is also called yerba mate and contains caffeine, caffeic acid and chlorogenic acids (in contrast to what is believed, no tannin is included <ref name="martin"/>).
 
In Brazil and Paraguay, leaves of ''[[Species:Ilex|Ilex paraguayensis]]'' or ''I. paraguensis'' or ''I. paraguariensis'' are used for Mate tea.<ref name="martin">Martin H (1977) The history of Ilex with special reference to Australia. Australian Journal of Botany 25,655-673</ref> It is also called yerba mate and contains caffeine, caffeic acid and chlorogenic acids (in contrast to what is believed, no tannin is included <ref name="martin"/>).
The plant was first cultivated and became widespread by Jesuit missionaries.<ref>Herzfeld H (1920) Ilex paraguensis or la yerba mate. ''Pharm Era'' 53,353-354</ref>
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The plant was first cultivated and became widespread by Jesuit missionaries after Spanish conquest.<ref>Herzfeld H (1920) Ilex paraguensis or la yerba mate. ''Pharm Era'' 53,353-354</ref>
 
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ブラジルとパラグアイでは、''[[Species:Ilex|Ilex paraguayensis]]'' 又は ''I. paraguensis'' 又は ''I. paraguariensis'' の葉をマテ茶として飲用する。
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ブラジルとパラグアイでは、''[[Species:Ilex|Ilex paraguayensis]]'' 又は ''I. paraguensis'' 又は ''I. paraguariensis'' の葉をマテ茶として飲用します。
マテ茶はイェルバマテとも呼ばれ、主要成分はカフェインと桂皮酸、クロロゲン酸類である (通説とは異なり、タンニンは含まない)。
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マテ茶はイェルバマテとも呼ばれ、主要成分はカフェインと桂皮酸、クロロゲン酸類です (通説とは異なり、タンニンは含みません)。
マテ茶の木は、アメリカインディアンが用いていたとされ、後にイエズス会が栽培して広まった。
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マテ茶はアメリカインディアンが飲んでいたとされ、スペインの侵略後にイエズス会が栽培して広まりました。
 
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Indians of the South-Eastern United States used leaves of [[Species:Ilex|''Ilex cassine'']], ''I. vomitoria'', and ''I. dahoon'' to brew a spiritual drink called Yaupon or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_drink black drink].  The drink was believed to cause sweat and vomiting but its active ingredient is caffeine. In proper dilution, the drink was used as stimulant during the civil war in Southern North America.<ref name="martin" />
 
Indians of the South-Eastern United States used leaves of [[Species:Ilex|''Ilex cassine'']], ''I. vomitoria'', and ''I. dahoon'' to brew a spiritual drink called Yaupon or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_drink black drink].  The drink was believed to cause sweat and vomiting but its active ingredient is caffeine. In proper dilution, the drink was used as stimulant during the civil war in Southern North America.<ref name="martin" />
 
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米国東南のインディアンは [[Species:Ilex|''Ilex cassine'']], ''I. vomitoria'', および ''I. dahoon'' の葉を、ヨーポンまたはブラックドリンクと呼ばれる神事用の飲み物として用いた。
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米国東南のインディアンは [[Species:Ilex|''Ilex cassine'']], ''I. vomitoria'', および ''I. dahoon'' の葉を、ヨーポンまたはブラックドリンクと呼ばれる神事用の飲み物として用いました。
汗を多くかいて吐き気を催す作用を持つと思われていたが、有効成分はカフェインである。
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汗を多くかいて吐き気を催す作用を持つと思われていますが、有効成分はカフェインです。(カフェインは多く服用すると吐き気を催します。)
濃度を調整すれば眠気覚ましになり、南北戦争の際に北米南部において飲用された。
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濃度を調整すれば眠気覚ましになるため、南北戦争の際に北米南部において飲用されましたた。
 
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<references/>
 
<references/>
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=={{Bilingual|フトモモ科の茶|Tea from family ''Myrtaceae''}}==
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==={{Bilingual|グァバ茶|Guaba Tea}}===
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==={{Bilingual|シジュウム茶|Syzygium Tea}}===
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{{Twocolumn|
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Syzygium Tea, which is sold for its anti-allergic effect, is made from genus [[Species:Syzygium|Syzygium]] in [[:Category:Myrtaceae|Myrtaceae]]. Because the culinary herb 'Clove' is [[CrudeDrug:Caryophylli_Flos|''Syzygium aromaticum'']], you can consider this tea as 'Clove' tea.
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抗アレルギー、抗花粉症用として飲用されるシジュウム茶はグァバ茶と同じフトモモ科の[[Species:Syzygium|シジュウム属]]から作られます。料理に使うクローブ(丁子)が[[CrudeDrug:Caryophylli_Flos|''Syzygium aromaticum'']]なので、クローブの葉と考えるのが適当でしょう。
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<references/>
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=={{Bilingual|ツバキ属の茶|Tea from genus ''Camellia''}}==
  
 
===庶民の茶===
 
===庶民の茶===

Revision as of 16:16, 17 August 2010

Tea Top Exotic teas Production/Consumption Health

Contents

Tea from genus Ilex

Ku-Ding Tea

In China and Japan, leaves of Ilex kudingcha C. J. Tseng, I. cornuta (Chinese holly), and I. latifolia Thunb. are used for the Ku-Ding Tea. Its extreme bitterness comes from triterpene saponins, mainly those derived from ursolic acid. A purified saponin fraction of Ilex pubescens root is known to exhibit anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.[1]

Mate Tea

In Brazil and Paraguay, leaves of Ilex paraguayensis or I. paraguensis or I. paraguariensis are used for Mate tea.[2] It is also called yerba mate and contains caffeine, caffeic acid and chlorogenic acids (in contrast to what is believed, no tannin is included [2]). The plant was first cultivated and became widespread by Jesuit missionaries after Spanish conquest.[3]

Yaupon, asi or Black Drink

Indians of the South-Eastern United States used leaves of Ilex cassine, I. vomitoria, and I. dahoon to brew a spiritual drink called Yaupon or black drink. The drink was believed to cause sweat and vomiting but its active ingredient is caffeine. In proper dilution, the drink was used as stimulant during the civil war in Southern North America.[2]

  1. Wang JR, Zhou H, Jiang ZH, Wong YF, Liu L (2008) In vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of a purified saponin fraction derived from the root of Ilex pubescens. Biol Pharm Bull 31(4):643-50
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 Martin H (1977) The history of Ilex with special reference to Australia. Australian Journal of Botany 25,655-673
  3. Herzfeld H (1920) Ilex paraguensis or la yerba mate. Pharm Era 53,353-354

Tea from family Myrtaceae

Guaba Tea

Syzygium Tea

Syzygium Tea, which is sold for its anti-allergic effect, is made from genus Syzygium in Myrtaceae. Because the culinary herb 'Clove' is Syzygium aromaticum, you can consider this tea as 'Clove' tea.


Tea from genus Camellia

庶民の茶

茶の種子や花にはサポニン成分が含まれており、点てると泡を生じる。

 播磨章一 「茶花の史的考察」より[1]
点て茶の名称 使用茶 泡重視 茶筅 桶茶性 茶受け
陰干し茶 (全国) 枝葉花 × 穀類(椀内)
タテ茶 (糸魚川) 番茶、茶花 漬物類(椀外)
バタバタ茶 (蛭谷) 黒茶、茶花 漬物類(椀外)
ボテボテ茶 (島根、出雲) 陰干し茶、茶花  煮豆、冷や飯、漬物など(椀内)
ボテ茶 (松山) クコ 雑具(椀内)
もくだ (舘岡) 鳥足升麻 × ×
振茶 (中曽司) 煎茶(粉) × 雑穀(椀内)
フイ茶 (鹿児島、徳之島) 番茶 × ×
ブクブク茶(沖縄) サンピン茶他 穀類(椀内)
やこめ 番茶 × × × 穀類(椀内)
茶の湯 抹茶 × 甘味嗜好(椀外)
尻振り茶 番茶 × × × × 穀類(椀内)
紀州茶粥(和歌山) 番茶 × × × × 穀類(椀内)
碁石茶粥(徳島) 碁石茶 × × × 穀類(椀内)
  1. 第2回国際茶花シンポジウム抄録集、pp.3-5
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