Doc:Polyamine
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(New page: ==定義== ポリアミンはアミノ基を多く含む塩基性非環状低分子化合物の総称。細胞内では濃度が厳密に調節されています。 {| class="wikitable" !...) |
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! 長鎖ポリアミン | ! 長鎖ポリアミン | ||
| カルドペンタミン、カルドヘキサミン | | カルドペンタミン、カルドヘキサミン | ||
| − | | 高度好熱菌 | + | | 高度好熱菌<sup>*</sup> |
|- | |- | ||
! 分岐ポリアミン | ! 分岐ポリアミン | ||
| テトラキス(3－アミノプロピル)アンモニア | | テトラキス(3－アミノプロピル)アンモニア | ||
| − | | 高度好熱菌 | + | | 高度好熱菌<sup>*</sup> |
|} | |} | ||
| − | * | + | <sup>*</sup> ... ''Thermus thermophilus, Thermococcus kodakarensis, Pyrococcus furiosus'' |
| − | 長鎖ポリアミンDNA, RNAのステム等二重鎖構造、分岐ポリアミンはループ構造を安定させると考えられている<ref name="">Terui Y, Ohnuma M, Hiraga K, Kawashima K, Oshima T (2005) Stabilization of nucleic acids by unusual polyamines produced by an extreme thermophile, ''Thermus thermophilus Biochem J'' 388, 427-433 [http://www.biochemj.org/bj/388/bj3880427.htm PDF]</ref>。 | + | |
| + | 長鎖ポリアミンDNA, RNAのステム等二重鎖構造、分岐ポリアミンはループ構造を安定させると考えられている<ref name="ohshima05">Terui Y, Ohnuma M, Hiraga K, Kawashima K, Oshima T (2005) Stabilization of nucleic acids by unusual polyamines produced by an extreme thermophile, ''Thermus thermophilus Biochem J'' 388, 427-433 [http://www.biochemj.org/bj/388/bj3880427.htm PDF]</ref>。 | ||
==生合成== | ==生合成== | ||
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{| | {| | ||
| [[Image:br/Arrow00d35.png]] | | [[Image:br/Arrow00d35.png]] | ||
| − | | arginine decarboxylase | + | | <small>arginine decarboxylase</small> |
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
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{| | {| | ||
| [[Image:br/Arrow00dr35.png]] | | [[Image:br/Arrow00dr35.png]] | ||
| − | | ornithine decarboxylase (most eukaryotes) | + | | <small>ornithine decarboxylase (most eukaryotes)</small> |
|} | |} | ||
| | | | ||
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{| | {| | ||
| [[Image:br/Arrow00dl35.png]] | | [[Image:br/Arrow00dl35.png]] | ||
| − | | agmatine ureohydrolase (plants and some bacteria) | + | | <small>agmatine ureohydrolase (plants and some bacteria)</small> |
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 66: | Line 67: | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | [[Image:br/Arrow00dl35.png]] | + | | [[Image:br/Arrow00dl35.png]] Pathway II |
| | | | ||
| − | | [[Image:br/Arrow00dr35.png]] | + | | [[Image:br/Arrow00dr35.png]] Pathway I |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | aminopropyl agmatine <ref>Ohnuma M, Terui Y, Tamakoshi M, Mitome H, Niitsu M, Samejima K, Kwashima E, Ohshima T (2005) N1-aminopropylagmatine, a new polyamine produced as a key intermediate in polyamine biosynthesis of an extreme thermophile, ''Thermus thermophilus J Biol Chem'' 280, 30073-30082</ref> | + | | aminopropyl agmatine <ref name="adams07">Cacciapuoti G, Porcelli M, Moretti MA, Sorrentino F, ..., Adams MW. (2007) The first agmatine/cadaverine |
| + | aminopropyl transferase: biochemical and structural characterization | ||
| + | of an enzyme involved in polyamine biosynthesis in the hyperthermophilic | ||
| + | archaeon ''Pyrococcus furiosus''. ''J Bacteriol'' 189, 6057–6067</ref><ref name="ohshima05b">Ohnuma M, Terui Y, Tamakoshi M, Mitome H, Niitsu M, Samejima K, Kwashima E, Ohshima T (2005) N1-aminopropylagmatine, a new polyamine produced as a key intermediate in polyamine biosynthesis of an extreme thermophile, ''Thermus thermophilus.'' ''J Biol Chem'' 280, 30073-30082</ref><ref name="fujiwara10">Morimoto N, Fukuda W, Nakajima N, Masuda T, ..., Imanaka T, Fujiwara S (2010) Dual Biosynthesis Pathway for Longer-Chain Polyamines in the Hyperthermophilic Archaeon ''Thermococcus kodakarensis.'' ''J Bacteriol'' 192, 4991-5001</ref> | ||
| | | | ||
| putrescine | | putrescine | ||
| Line 86: | Line 90: | ||
| | | | ||
|} | |} | ||
| + | |||
| + | 好熱菌ではプトレシンの生合成を阻害してもポリアミン量に変化は見られず、Pathway IIがスペルミン合成の主要経路になる。 | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
Revision as of 10:20, 23 November 2010
Contents |
定義
ポリアミンはアミノ基を多く含む塩基性非環状低分子化合物の総称。細胞内では濃度が厳密に調節されています。
| 標準ポリアミン | プトレシン、スペルミジン、スペルミン | 細菌からカビ、高等真核生物まで |
|---|---|---|
| 長鎖ポリアミン | カルドペンタミン、カルドヘキサミン | 高度好熱菌* |
| 分岐ポリアミン | テトラキス(3－アミノプロピル)アンモニア | 高度好熱菌* |
* ... Thermus thermophilus, Thermococcus kodakarensis, Pyrococcus furiosus
長鎖ポリアミンDNA, RNAのステム等二重鎖構造、分岐ポリアミンはループ構造を安定させると考えられている[1]。
生合成
多くの生物で見られる合成系
| L-arginine | ||||||
| ||||||
| L-ornithine | agmatine | |||||
|
| |||||
| putrescine | ||||||
| spermidine |
好熱菌の合成系
| L-arginine | ||
| File:Br/Arrow00dl35.png Pathway II | File:Br/Arrow00dr35.png Pathway I | |
| aminopropyl agmatine [2][3][4] | putrescine | |
| File:Br/Arrow00dr35.png | File:Br/Arrow00dl35.png | |
| spermidine | ||
| spermine |
好熱菌ではプトレシンの生合成を阻害してもポリアミン量に変化は見られず、Pathway IIがスペルミン合成の主要経路になる。
- ↑ Terui Y, Ohnuma M, Hiraga K, Kawashima K, Oshima T (2005) Stabilization of nucleic acids by unusual polyamines produced by an extreme thermophile, Thermus thermophilus Biochem J 388, 427-433 PDF
- ↑ Cacciapuoti G, Porcelli M, Moretti MA, Sorrentino F, ..., Adams MW. (2007) The first agmatine/cadaverine aminopropyl transferase: biochemical and structural characterization of an enzyme involved in polyamine biosynthesis in the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus. J Bacteriol 189, 6057–6067
- ↑ Ohnuma M, Terui Y, Tamakoshi M, Mitome H, Niitsu M, Samejima K, Kwashima E, Ohshima T (2005) N1-aminopropylagmatine, a new polyamine produced as a key intermediate in polyamine biosynthesis of an extreme thermophile, Thermus thermophilus. J Biol Chem 280, 30073-30082
- ↑ Morimoto N, Fukuda W, Nakajima N, Masuda T, ..., Imanaka T, Fujiwara S (2010) Dual Biosynthesis Pathway for Longer-Chain Polyamines in the Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis. J Bacteriol 192, 4991-5001
