Category:BMAA

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(D and L in Amino Acid)
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==D and L in Amino Acid==
 
==D and L in Amino Acid==
===Definition===
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{{Doc:Metabolite/Amino Acid/DL}}
{{Twocolumn|
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Except for glycine, an amino acid contains a chiral carbon, distinguished by D or L (R or S).  In the Fischer projection, which places the carboxyl group upward and amino acid-specific side-chain downward, the amino group must comes either left or right, protruding from the paper plane.  If the hydrogen is left and amino group is right, the amino acid is called D, after D-glyceraldehide.  If the amino group is left, it is called L.
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Glycineを除いて全てのアミノ酸は不斉炭素を持ち、D,L (R,S)の区別があります。カルボキシル基を上に、アミノ酸毎に異なる側鎖を下にしたFischer投影式を描くと、(紙面より上向きに配置される)アミノ基が左と右の場合があります。このうち水素が左アミノ基が右になるほうをD-グリセルアルデヒドに倣ってD-アミノ酸、アミノ基が左にくるものをL-アミノ酸とします。D-グリセルアルデヒドとセリンを並べてみると、DとLの理由がよくわかります。
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}}
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<center>
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{|
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| [[Image:D-glyceraldehyde.gif]]
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| [[Image:D-serine.gif]]
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| [[Image:L-serine.gif]]
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|}
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</center>
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===DL and RS do not coincide===
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In the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog (or RS) notation, 19 L-amino acids become S-form (when H is placed behind the paper plane, the amino group, carboxyl group and side chain are arranged anticlockwise).  Only L-cysteine becomes R-form because S in its side chain makes the arrangement in the different order: amino group, side chain, and carboxyl group.  For this reason, although its tetrahedal configuration is the same as the rest of amino acids, it is R-form.  Likewise, cystine is R-form too.
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アミノ酸をCahn-Ingold-Prelog則(RS)により表記してみると、19のL-アミノ酸がS体となります(Hを紙面の裏側に配置したとき、アミノ基、カルボキシル基、側鎖の順にまわると左回りになる)。ただひとつL-cysteineは、側鎖にSがくるためにアミノ基、側鎖、カルボキシル基の順番に回ります。そのため正四面体構造における配置は一緒なのですが、R体となります。システインのほかにシスチンも同様の理由でR体となります。
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}}
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===Glycine has no chiral carbon===
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{{Twocolumn|
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Glycine has two Hydrogen branches and therefore not chiral.  The amino group of proline is included in the ring sturucture and therefore secondary amine.
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Glycineは側鎖にHを2つもつため、不斉炭素になりません。また、prolineはアミノ基が環構造の中に入っており、2級アミンとなります。}}
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Revision as of 12:16, 1 June 2011

Amino Acids


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Upper classes : BM Basic Metabolites

Class Overview

An amino acid has a carbon connected by an amino group and a carboxyl group (called an alpha carbon). Proteins are constituted from 20 amino acids.

Straight Class
 BMAAS2 (1 pages) Straight length 2
Gly
BMAAS2.png
 BMAAS3 (19 pages) Straight length 3
Ser, Cys, Ala
BMAAS3.png
 BMAAS4 (16 pages) Straight length 4
Asp, Asn, Thr
BMAAS4.png
 BMAAS5 (16 pages) Straight length 5
Gln, Glu
BMAAS5.png
 BMAAS6 (6 pages) Straight length 6
Lys
BMAAS6.png
Branched Class
 BMAAB4 (2 pages) Branched length 4
Val, Met
BMAAB4.png
 BMAAB5 (3 pages) Branched length 5
Arg, Leu, Ile
BMAAB5.png
 BMAAB6 (0 pages) Branched length 6
BMAAB6.png
Cyclic Class (click here to visit another page)

Physicochemical Characters

Doc:Metabolite/Amino Acid/Table

D and L in Amino Acid

Doc:Metabolite/Amino Acid/DL

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