Index:PSA/Medicinal

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! PSA Page || Family || Genus<br/>(our page) || Synonyms || Parts used || Major chemical constituents || Bioactivity
 
! PSA Page || Family || Genus<br/>(our page) || Synonyms || Parts used || Major chemical constituents || Bioactivity
 
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&&agathosmabetulina.pdf&&Agathosma betulina (Berg.) Pillans&&Rutaceae&&Barosma betulina Bartl. and Wendl. f.<br/>Hartogia betulina Berg.&&fresh or dried leaves and smaller stems; colour light yellow-green; odour highly aromatic; texture soft when fresh, leathery when dry&&limonene, rutin, diosmin, menthone/isomenthone, (psi) -diosphenol/diosphenol, pulegone/isopulegone, cis- and trans-8-mercapto-p-menthane-3-ones&&weak antimicrobial , smooth muscle spasmogenic , antimutagenic , antiinflammatory (diosmin)
+
&&agathosmabetulina.pdf&&Agathosma betulina (Berg.) Pillans&&Rutaceae&&Barosma betulina Bartl. and Wendl. f.<br/>Hartogia betulina Berg.&&fresh or dried leaves and smaller stems; colour light yellow-green; odour highly aromatic; texture soft when fresh, leathery when dry&&limonene, rutin, diosmin, menthone/isomenthone, (psi) -diosphenol/diosphenol, pulegone/isopulegone, cis- and trans-8-mercapto-p-menthane-3-ones&&weak antimicrobial , smooth muscle spasmogenic , antimutagenic , antiinflammatory (diosmin)
 
&&agathosmacrenulata.pdf&&Agathosma crenulata (L.) Pillans&&Rutaceae&&Barosma crenulata Hook.<br/>Barosma serratifolia (Vent.) Willd.&&fresh or dried leaves and smaller stems; colour light yellow-green; odour highly aromatic; texture soft when fresh, leathery when dry&&limonene, menthone/isomenthone, pulegone/isopulegone, cis- and trans-8-mercapto-p-menthane-3-ones&&weak antimicrobial , smooth muscle spasmogenic  
 
&&agathosmacrenulata.pdf&&Agathosma crenulata (L.) Pillans&&Rutaceae&&Barosma crenulata Hook.<br/>Barosma serratifolia (Vent.) Willd.&&fresh or dried leaves and smaller stems; colour light yellow-green; odour highly aromatic; texture soft when fresh, leathery when dry&&limonene, menthone/isomenthone, pulegone/isopulegone, cis- and trans-8-mercapto-p-menthane-3-ones&&weak antimicrobial , smooth muscle spasmogenic  
&&alepideaatym.pdf&&Alepidea amatymbica Eckl. & Zeyh.&&Apiaceae&&none&&fresh or dried rhizome and root; colour russet-brown externally; odour pleasant aromatic; texture crisp resinous)&&kaurene-type diterpenes (e.g. ent-16-kaurene-19-oic acid)&&antimicrobial , antihypertensive , diuretic, cytotoxic, antiviral  
+
&&alepideaatym.pdf&&Alepidea amatymbica Eckl. et Zeyh.&&Apiaceae&&no data&&fresh or dried rhizome and root; colour russet-brown externally; odour pleasant aromatic; texture crisp resinous)&&kaurene-type diterpenes (e.g. ent-16-kaurene-19-oic acid)&&antimicrobial , antihypertensive , diuretic, cytotoxic, antiviral  
&&arctopusechinatus.pdf&&Arctopus echinatus L.&&Apiaceae&&none&&fresh or dried sliced root; odour pleasant aromatic; texture pliable when fresh, brittle when dry&&saponins, reducing sugars, kaurene-type diterpenes (e.g. ent-16-kaurene-19-oic acid)&&no data
+
&&arctopusechinatus.pdf&&Arctopus echinatus L.&&Apiaceae&&no data&&fresh or dried sliced root; odour pleasant aromatic; texture pliable when fresh, brittle when dry&&saponins, reducing sugars, kaurene-type diterpenes (e.g. ent-16-kaurene-19-oic acid)&&no data
&&artemisiaafra.pdf&&Artemisia afra Jacq. ex Willd.&&Asteraceae&&none&&fresh or dried aerial parts (material comprising leaves, smaller stems, and flowers); colour grey; odour highly aromatic; taste extremely bitter&&saponins, tannins, triterpenes (e.g. alpha- and beta-amyrin, friedelin), alkanes ceryl cerotinate, n-nonacosane, 2 luteolin methyl ethers, sesquiterpene lactones (10 guaianolides and 5 glaucolides), alpha- and beta-thujone, 1,8-cineole, camphor, alpha-pinene&&antihistaminic, narcotic analgesic, antimicrobial , antioxidant, weak antimalarial, antibacterial, antinematodal, cytotoxic, antiviral
+
&&artemisiaafra.pdf&&Artemisia afra Jacq. ex Willd.&&Asteraceae&&no data&&fresh or dried aerial parts (material comprising leaves, smaller stems, and flowers); colour grey; odour highly aromatic; taste extremely bitter&&saponins, tannins, triterpenes (e.g. alpha- and beta-amyrin, friedelin), alkanes ceryl cerotinate, n-nonacosane, 2 luteolin methyl ethers, sesquiterpene lactones (10 guaianolides and 5 glaucolides), alpha- and beta-thujone, 1,8-cineole, camphor, alpha-pinene&&antihistaminic, narcotic analgesic, antimicrobial , antioxidant, weak antimalarial, antibacterial, antinematodal, cytotoxic, antiviral
&&asclepfruit.pdf&&Asclepias fruticosa L.&&Asclepiadaceae&&none&&fresh or dried leaves and smaller stems; colour light yellow-green; odour faint; taste bitter&&glycosides of the cardenolide, pregnanes type (e.g. 17beta-hydroxygomphoside), monosaccharides (e.g. digitoxose, olivose, cymarose, oleandrose and deoxyallose), monosaccharides with cinnamic acids (e.g. sinapic acid)&&antihypertensive, cardiac, uterotonic, antihypertensive
+
&&asclepfruit.pdf&&Asclepias fruticosa L.&&Asclepiadaceae&&no data&&fresh or dried leaves and smaller stems; colour light yellow-green; odour faint; taste bitter&&glycosides of the cardenolide, pregnanes type (e.g. 17beta-hydroxygomphoside), monosaccharides (e.g. digitoxose, olivose, cymarose, oleandrose and deoxyallose), monosaccharides with cinnamic acids (e.g. sinapic acid)&&antihypertensive, cardiac, uterotonic, antihypertensive
 
&&ballotafric.pdf&&Ballota africana (L.) Benth.&&Lamiaceae&&Marrubium africanum (L.) Benth&&fresh or dried overground parts (material comprising leaves, smaller stems together with occasional flowers and fruits); colour deep green; odour pleasant aromatic; texture rough-hairy&&saponins, tannins, labdane type diterpene lactones (e.g. ballotenone, premarrubiin), flavonoids, pyrrolidine-type alkaloids&&expectorant (premarrubiin), antiviral, cytotoxic
 
&&ballotafric.pdf&&Ballota africana (L.) Benth.&&Lamiaceae&&Marrubium africanum (L.) Benth&&fresh or dried overground parts (material comprising leaves, smaller stems together with occasional flowers and fruits); colour deep green; odour pleasant aromatic; texture rough-hairy&&saponins, tannins, labdane type diterpene lactones (e.g. ballotenone, premarrubiin), flavonoids, pyrrolidine-type alkaloids&&expectorant (premarrubiin), antiviral, cytotoxic
 
&&buddlejasaligna.pdf&&Buddleja saligna Willd.&&Buddlejaceae&&Chilianthus olearaceus Burch.&&fresh or dried leaves; colour grey-green; odour faint pleasant; texture leathery&&saponins, tannins, reducing sugars, phenylpropanoid glycosides (e.g. verbascoside), lignans, neolignans, alkaloids, iridoids, acetylated iridoids, sesquiterpenoids, flavonoids&&no data
 
&&buddlejasaligna.pdf&&Buddleja saligna Willd.&&Buddlejaceae&&Chilianthus olearaceus Burch.&&fresh or dried leaves; colour grey-green; odour faint pleasant; texture leathery&&saponins, tannins, reducing sugars, phenylpropanoid glycosides (e.g. verbascoside), lignans, neolignans, alkaloids, iridoids, acetylated iridoids, sesquiterpenoids, flavonoids&&no data
 
&&bulbinefrut.pdf&&Bulbine frutescens (L.) Willd.&&Asphodelaceae&&Bulbine caulescens L<br/>Bulbine rostrata Willd.&&fresh leaves&&knipholone, isoknipholone, gaboroquinone A and B, demethylknipholone glucoside&&no data
 
&&bulbinefrut.pdf&&Bulbine frutescens (L.) Willd.&&Asphodelaceae&&Bulbine caulescens L<br/>Bulbine rostrata Willd.&&fresh leaves&&knipholone, isoknipholone, gaboroquinone A and B, demethylknipholone glucoside&&no data
 
&&carpobrotacina.pdf&&Carpobrotus acinaciformis L.&&Aizoaceae&&Carpobrotus concavus L. Bolus<br/>Carpobrotus vanzijliae L. Bolus&&fresh or dried leaves; colour dull green when fresh, brittle pale green when dry; taste sour and astringent&&citric acids, malic acids&&antimicrobial, antibacteriophage
 
&&carpobrotacina.pdf&&Carpobrotus acinaciformis L.&&Aizoaceae&&Carpobrotus concavus L. Bolus<br/>Carpobrotus vanzijliae L. Bolus&&fresh or dried leaves; colour dull green when fresh, brittle pale green when dry; taste sour and astringent&&citric acids, malic acids&&antimicrobial, antibacteriophage
&&carpobrotedu.pdf&&Carpobrotus edulis (L.) L. Bol.&&Aizoaceae&&none&&fresh or dried leaves; colour dull green when fresh, brittle pale green when dry; taste sour and astringent&&citric acid, malic acid, flavonoids (e.g. rutin, neohesperidin, hyperoside), ferulic acid, catechol tannins&&antimicrobial, weak antipathogenic
+
&&carpobrotedu.pdf&&Carpobrotus edulis (L.) L. Bol.&&Aizoaceae&&no data&&fresh or dried leaves; colour dull green when fresh, brittle pale green when dry; taste sour and astringent&&citric acid, malic acid, flavonoids (e.g. rutin, neohesperidin, hyperoside), ferulic acid, catechol tannins&&antimicrobial, weak antipathogenic
&&chironbac.pdf&&Chironia baccifera L.&&Gentianaceae&&none&&fresh or dried aerial parts (bundles of fresh or dried twigs, often with flowers and fruit); colour bright green-yellow; odour faint biter-aromatic; texture soft when fresh&&saponins, tannins, secoiridoids (e.g. chironioside, eustomoside, gentiopicroside), triterpene saponin, oleanolic acid&&no data
+
&&chironbac.pdf&&Chironia baccifera L.&&Gentianaceae&&no data&&fresh or dried aerial parts (bundles of fresh or dried twigs, often with flowers and fruit); colour bright green-yellow; odour faint biter-aromatic; texture soft when fresh&&saponins, tannins, secoiridoids (e.g. chironioside, eustomoside, gentiopicroside), triterpene, oleanolic acid&&no data
 +
&&cissampcap.pdf&&Cissampelos capensis L. f.&&Menispermaceae&&Antizoma capensis (L.f.) Diels<br/>Antizoma capensis (L.f.) Diels var. pulverulenta (harv.) Diels<br/>Cissampelos fruticosa L.f.<br/>Cissampelos humilis Poir.&&fresh or dried leaves; colour light green; odour faint characteristic; texture thin and soft&&alkaloids, saponins, tannins, reducing sugars, benzylisoquinoline, bisbenzylisoquinoline (e.g. tubocurarine, cissampareine), diterpene, triterpene&&no data
 +
&&cliffortfer.pdf&&Cliffortia ferruginea L. f.&&Rosaceae&&Cliffortia berberidifolia Lam.<br/>Cliffortia ferruginea var. flexuosa (E.Mey.) Harv.<br/>Cliffortia ferruginea var. latifolia Eckl. et Zeyh.<br/>Cliffortia ferruginea var. longifolia Eckl. et Zeyh.<br/>Cliffortia ferruginea var. villosa Harv.&&fresh or dried leaves and smaller stems; odour faint aromatic; texture leathery&&saponins, tannins&&weak antimicrobial
 +
&&cliffortodor.pdf&&Cliffortia odorata L. f.&&Rosaceae&&Cliffortia alnifolia Reichenb.<br/>Cliffortia odorata L. f. var. vera Harv.&&fresh or dried overground parts (bundles of air-dried material, comprising mainly leaves and occasional flowers); colour dull green; odour pleasantly aromatic; texture leathery&&saponins, tannins, triterpen&&no data
 +
&&conyzascab.pdf&&Conyza scabrida DC.&&Asteraceae&&Conyza ivifolia (L.) Less.<br/>Baccharis ivaefolia L.&&fresh or dried leaves and smaller stems; odour pleasantly aromatic; texture soft&&saponins, tannins, cardiac glycosides, diterpene acids (e.g. conyscabraic acid, hautriwaic acid, nidoresedaic, printziaic acid and derivatives)&&no data
 +
&&cotyledorbic.pdf&&Cotyledon orbiculata L.&&Crassulaceae&&no data&&fresh leaves; colour bright green to grey-green often with characteristic red margin; odour faint, texture fleshy&&orbicusides A-C, tyledoside D&&no data
 
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Revision as of 17:42, 30 March 2012

General Index Orders Families Image Links Edibility

Medicinal Plants of South Africa by South African National Biodiversity Institute

PSA Page Family Genus
(our page)
Synonyms Parts used Major chemical constituents Bioactivity
Agathosma betulina (Berg.) Pillans Rutaceae Agathosma Barosma betulina Bartl. and Wendl. f.
Hartogia betulina Berg.
fresh or dried leaves and smaller stems; colour light yellow-green; odour highly aromatic; texture soft when fresh, leathery when dry limonene, rutin, diosmin, menthone/isomenthone, (psi) -diosphenol/diosphenol, pulegone/isopulegone, cis- and trans-8-mercapto-p-menthane-3-ones weak antimicrobial , smooth muscle spasmogenic , antimutagenic , antiinflammatory (diosmin)
Agathosma crenulata (L.) Pillans Rutaceae Agathosma Barosma crenulata Hook.
Barosma serratifolia (Vent.) Willd.
fresh or dried leaves and smaller stems; colour light yellow-green; odour highly aromatic; texture soft when fresh, leathery when dry limonene, menthone/isomenthone, pulegone/isopulegone, cis- and trans-8-mercapto-p-menthane-3-ones weak antimicrobial , smooth muscle spasmogenic
Alepidea amatymbica Eckl. et Zeyh. Apiaceae Alepidea no data fresh or dried rhizome and root; colour russet-brown externally; odour pleasant aromatic; texture crisp resinous) kaurene-type diterpenes (e.g. ent-16-kaurene-19-oic acid) antimicrobial , antihypertensive , diuretic, cytotoxic, antiviral
Arctopus echinatus L. Apiaceae Arctopus no data fresh or dried sliced root; odour pleasant aromatic; texture pliable when fresh, brittle when dry saponins, reducing sugars, kaurene-type diterpenes (e.g. ent-16-kaurene-19-oic acid) no data
Artemisia afra Jacq. ex Willd. Asteraceae Artemisia no data fresh or dried aerial parts (material comprising leaves, smaller stems, and flowers); colour grey; odour highly aromatic; taste extremely bitter saponins, tannins, triterpenes (e.g. alpha- and beta-amyrin, friedelin), alkanes ceryl cerotinate, n-nonacosane, 2 luteolin methyl ethers, sesquiterpene lactones (10 guaianolides and 5 glaucolides), alpha- and beta-thujone, 1,8-cineole, camphor, alpha-pinene antihistaminic, narcotic analgesic, antimicrobial , antioxidant, weak antimalarial, antibacterial, antinematodal, cytotoxic, antiviral
Asclepias fruticosa L. Asclepiadaceae Asclepias no data fresh or dried leaves and smaller stems; colour light yellow-green; odour faint; taste bitter glycosides of the cardenolide, pregnanes type (e.g. 17beta-hydroxygomphoside), monosaccharides (e.g. digitoxose, olivose, cymarose, oleandrose and deoxyallose), monosaccharides with cinnamic acids (e.g. sinapic acid) antihypertensive, cardiac, uterotonic, antihypertensive
Ballota africana (L.) Benth. Lamiaceae Ballota Marrubium africanum (L.) Benth fresh or dried overground parts (material comprising leaves, smaller stems together with occasional flowers and fruits); colour deep green; odour pleasant aromatic; texture rough-hairy saponins, tannins, labdane type diterpene lactones (e.g. ballotenone, premarrubiin), flavonoids, pyrrolidine-type alkaloids expectorant (premarrubiin), antiviral, cytotoxic
Buddleja saligna Willd. Buddlejaceae Buddleja Chilianthus olearaceus Burch. fresh or dried leaves; colour grey-green; odour faint pleasant; texture leathery saponins, tannins, reducing sugars, phenylpropanoid glycosides (e.g. verbascoside), lignans, neolignans, alkaloids, iridoids, acetylated iridoids, sesquiterpenoids, flavonoids no data
Bulbine frutescens (L.) Willd. Asphodelaceae Bulbine Bulbine caulescens L
Bulbine rostrata Willd.
fresh leaves knipholone, isoknipholone, gaboroquinone A and B, demethylknipholone glucoside no data
Carpobrotus acinaciformis L. Aizoaceae Carpobrotus Carpobrotus concavus L. Bolus
Carpobrotus vanzijliae L. Bolus
fresh or dried leaves; colour dull green when fresh, brittle pale green when dry; taste sour and astringent citric acids, malic acids antimicrobial, antibacteriophage
Carpobrotus edulis (L.) L. Bol. Aizoaceae Carpobrotus no data fresh or dried leaves; colour dull green when fresh, brittle pale green when dry; taste sour and astringent citric acid, malic acid, flavonoids (e.g. rutin, neohesperidin, hyperoside), ferulic acid, catechol tannins antimicrobial, weak antipathogenic
Chironia baccifera L. Gentianaceae Chironia no data fresh or dried aerial parts (bundles of fresh or dried twigs, often with flowers and fruit); colour bright green-yellow; odour faint biter-aromatic; texture soft when fresh saponins, tannins, secoiridoids (e.g. chironioside, eustomoside, gentiopicroside), triterpene, oleanolic acid no data
Cissampelos capensis L. f. Menispermaceae Cissampelos Antizoma capensis (L.f.) Diels
Antizoma capensis (L.f.) Diels var. pulverulenta (harv.) Diels
Cissampelos fruticosa L.f.
Cissampelos humilis Poir.
fresh or dried leaves; colour light green; odour faint characteristic; texture thin and soft alkaloids, saponins, tannins, reducing sugars, benzylisoquinoline, bisbenzylisoquinoline (e.g. tubocurarine, cissampareine), diterpene, triterpene no data
Cliffortia ferruginea L. f. Rosaceae Cliffortia Cliffortia berberidifolia Lam.
Cliffortia ferruginea var. flexuosa (E.Mey.) Harv.
Cliffortia ferruginea var. latifolia Eckl. et Zeyh.
Cliffortia ferruginea var. longifolia Eckl. et Zeyh.
Cliffortia ferruginea var. villosa Harv.
fresh or dried leaves and smaller stems; odour faint aromatic; texture leathery saponins, tannins weak antimicrobial
Cliffortia odorata L. f. Rosaceae Cliffortia Cliffortia alnifolia Reichenb.
Cliffortia odorata L. f. var. vera Harv.
fresh or dried overground parts (bundles of air-dried material, comprising mainly leaves and occasional flowers); colour dull green; odour pleasantly aromatic; texture leathery saponins, tannins, triterpen no data
Conyza scabrida DC. Asteraceae Conyza Conyza ivifolia (L.) Less.
Baccharis ivaefolia L.
fresh or dried leaves and smaller stems; odour pleasantly aromatic; texture soft saponins, tannins, cardiac glycosides, diterpene acids (e.g. conyscabraic acid, hautriwaic acid, nidoresedaic, printziaic acid and derivatives) no data
Cotyledon orbiculata L. Crassulaceae Cotyledon no data fresh leaves; colour bright green to grey-green often with characteristic red margin; odour faint, texture fleshy orbicusides A-C, tyledoside D no data
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