Category:CD

Revision as of 13:30, 13 March 2013

Kampo/Crude Drug Wiki (漢方・生薬Wiki)

Kampo Medicine

Kampo ≠ Chinese Medicine

Kampo is not TCM

"Kampo", or ancient Chinese (漢) art (方) if literally translated, is the Japan's assimilated version of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). It was already organized as a system in the 16th century and has been refined in a Japanese tradition since. Its notable difference from TCM is the formulation in the unitary medical system with European Medicine. It is neither complementary nor alternate medicine in Japan.
In the WHO document, Kampo is defined as "the medicine traditionally practiced in Japan, based on ancient Chinese medicine". We might call it "the traditional Japanese medicine" but this expression should include acupuncture and moxibustion treatment and is a larger concept than Kampo.

Portable Medicine Cabinet (Edo era; 1862) Reproduced with permission from Naito Museum of Pharmaceutical Science and Industry

Why do we care Chinese or Japanese while not caring for English or German medicine?

Why are we sensitive to either Japanese or Chinese? Western medicine is based on chemical structures, and each structure is (or was) patented. In this sense, their origin is clear. On the other hand, traditional (especially herbal) medicine is one major intellectual-property issue related to biological diversity. It is therefore important to clarify origins and install an appropriate international standard.
For example, let us consider the invention of general anesthetic. Hanaoka Seishu (Japan) succeeded in breast cancer surgery (with clear records) under general anesthesia with Kampo medicine in 1804 (see Wikipedia).
Historically, however, Hua Tuo in ancient China (ca. AD 145-220?) was believed to have invented general anesthesic Ma fei san and performed abdominal section. The credibility of this episode in the 3rd-century Sanguozhi (三國志 "Records of Three Kingdoms") and 5th-century Hou Hanshu (後漢書 "Book of the Later Han") is detailed in a Wikipedia article of Hua Tuo.

Summary (more detail)

Kampo Medicine
Mixed recipes of crude drugs in Japanese distinct style, originally based on classic literature such as "Shokanron" and "Kinkiyoryaku" from ancient China.
TCM: Traditional Chinese Medicine
Mixed recipes of crude drugs in China. It is more flexible depending on patients' conditions and uses hundreds of raw materials from plants as well as animal origins.
Folk Medicine
Usually single crude drugs used by tradition or hunch.

Some of his recipes are still officially approved and used: Shiunko, Chuoko, and Jumihaidokuto. Picture is from Wikipedia.

Recipe for "Kakkonto", or pueralia root decoction (More)

Kampo Standards

The New Standards for Kampo Formulas

In early 1970, the Ministry of Health and Welfare (now Health, Labor and Welfare) summarized the byelaw published as "Guideline for General Kampo Formulas" (Edited by MHW and the committee in FPMAJ, Published by Jiho), which has been known as 'The 210 formulas' for 30 years. In 2008, it underwent a significant revision and 213 formulas are listed as "Standards of Approval for the Kampo Formulation". The difference is introduced here (in Japanese).

Japanese Pharmacopoeia

(Japanese) Pharmacopoeia is a book with legal force containing directions to identify and qualify medicinal compounds that may be used in Japan. Its revision process therefore requires utmost attention. Since it is a legal document, there are some side effects such as for the scientific name of Cinnamon.

Details (only in Japanese)

薬局方改正による生薬の変更

一般用漢方製剤承認基準の制定・改正による処方の変更

about this site

Crude Drug Information

In the Japanese Pharmacopoeia, around 160 crude drugs are listed. This site introduces their details with links to available Kampo formulas.

Literature Information

This site contains 7677 article information on Kampo formulas. They are listed at the bottom of each page for Kampo prescription.

Availability, Production Methods, Examinations

By Tochimoto Tenkaido Co. Ltd.

Image Gallery

Society Information

Special Issue Current Kampo Medicine

Pages in category "CD"

The following 8 pages are in this category, out of 8 total.

A

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 <big>{{Bilingual|メ ニ ュ ー|M e n u}}</big>
 </center>
+{{#def:LANG|{{#getenv:LANG}}}}
 {{CrudeDrug/Header}}
 =={{Bilingual|漢方|Kampo Medicine}}==
-==={{Bilingual|漢方の英訳はChinese Medicineではありません|Kampo &ne; Chinese Medicine}}===
+==={{Bilingual|漢方 ≠ Chinese Medicine|Kampo &ne; Chinese Medicine}}===
 {|
 |
@@ Line 16: / Line 17: @@
 In the WHO document, Kampo is defined as "the medicine traditionally practiced in Japan, based on ancient Chinese medicine". We might call it "the traditional Japanese medicine" but this expression should include acupuncture and moxibustion treatment and is a larger concept than Kampo.
 |
-;漢方は日本固有の医療
+;日本固有の医療としての漢方
 「漢方」（文字通りでは漢の医方）は日本が[[Index:TCM|伝統中医学]](TCM)を独自に発展させたもので、16世紀には既に医術として確立していたようです。言葉自体は西洋医学（蘭方）に対する言葉として江戸時代中期に使われ始めました。TCMとの顕著な違いは'''漢方は西洋薬と同じ枠組みの中で処方される'''という点です。日本において漢方は補完代替医療ではなく、西洋医療と対立する概念ではありません。
 <br/>
@@ Line 25: / Line 26: @@
 |}
-==={{Bilingual|イギリス医薬やドイツ医薬とは言わないのに？|But don't we say English or German medicine?}}===
+==={{Bilingual|イギリス医薬やドイツ医薬は無いのになぜ漢方？|Why do we care Chinese or Japanese while not caring for English or German medicine?}}===
 {|
-|
+|valign="top"|
 {{Twocolumn|
 Why are we sensitive to either Japanese or Chinese?
@@ Line 42: / Line 43: @@
 その処方および三國志、後漢書といった歴史書の信憑性については、英語版のWikipedia [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hua_Tuo Hua Tuo] で詳しく論じられています。
 }}
-|
-[[Image:HanaokaSeishu.gif|thumb|{{Bilingual|華岡青洲　彼が考案し現在も処方されるものに[[Kampo:Shiunko|紫雲膏]]、[[Kampo:Chuoko|中黄膏]]、[[Kampo:Jumihaidokuto|十味排毒湯]]。|Some of his recipes are still officially approved and used: [[Kampo:Shiunko|Shiunko]], [[Kampo:Chuoko|Chuoko]], and [[Kampo:Jumihaidokuto|Jumihaidokuto]].}}]]
-|}
-;{{Bilingual|用語のまとめ|Summary}} ([[Index:CDterminology|{{Bilingual|詳細|more}}]])
+;{{Bilingual|用語のまとめ|Summary}} ([[Index:CDterminology|{{Bilingual|詳細|more detail}}]])
 {{Twocolumn|
 * '''Kampo''' Medicine <br/> Mixed recipes of crude drugs in Japanese distinct style, originally based on classic literature such as "Shokanron" and "Kinkiyoryaku" from ancient China.
-* Traditional Chinese Medicine ('''TCM''') <br/> Mixed recipes of crude drugs in China. It is more flexible depending on patients' conditions and uses hundreds of raw materials from plants as well as animal origins.
+* '''TCM''': Traditional Chinese Medicine<br/> Mixed recipes of crude drugs in China. It is more flexible depending on patients' conditions and uses hundreds of raw materials from plants as well as animal origins.
 * '''Folk''' Medicine <br/> Usually single crude drugs used by tradition or hunch.
 |
@@ Line 57: / Line 55: @@
 }}
-;{{Bilingual|学会情報|Society Information}}
-{{Twocolumn|
-* [http://www.kaim.us/special_TOC.html Special Issue ''Current Kampo Medicine'']
 |
-* [http://www.jsom.or.jp/html/index.htm 日本東洋医学会]
+[[Image:HanaokaSeishu.gif|thumb|{{Bilingual|華岡青洲　彼が考案し現在も処方されるものに[[Kampo:Shiunko|紫雲膏]]、[[Kampo:Chuoko|中黄膏]]、[[Kampo:Jumihaidokuto|十味排毒湯]]。画像はWikipedia。|Some of his recipes are still officially approved and used: [[Kampo:Shiunko|Shiunko]], [[Kampo:Chuoko|Chuoko]], and [[Kampo:Jumihaidokuto|Jumihaidokuto]]. Picture is from Wikipedia.}}]]
-* [http://www.wakan-iyaku.gr.jp/index2.html 和漢医薬学会]
-}}
+[[Image:Kakkonto.jpg|thumb|{{Bilingual|葛根湯のレシピ ([[Kampo:Kakkonto|詳細]])|Recipe for "Kakkonto", or pueralia root decoction ([[Kampo:Kakkonto|''More'']])}}]]
+|}
+=={{Bilingual|漢方の標準 <small>(一般用漢方製剤承認基準)</small>|Kampo Standards}}==
+==={{Bilingual|漢方処方の新基準|The New Standards for Kampo Formulas}}===
-==={{Bilingual|漢方の基準 <small>(一般用漢方製剤承認基準)</small>|The Standards for Kampo Formulas}}===
-{|
-|
 {{Twocolumn|
-;The New Standards for Kampo Formulas
 In early 1970, the Ministry of Health and Welfare (now [http://www.mhlw.go.jp/English Health, Labor and Welfare]) summarized the byelaw published as "Guideline for General Kampo Formulas" (Edited by MHW and the committee in [http://www.fpmaj.gr.jp/ FPMAJ], Published by Jiho), which has been known as 'The 210 formulas' for 30 years.  In 2008, it underwent a significant revision and 213 formulas are listed as "Standards of Approval for the Kampo Formulation". The difference is introduced [[Doc:薬局方新基準|here]] (in Japanese).
 |
-;漢方処方の新基準
 年代初頭に厚生省（現[http://www.mhlw.go.jp/ 厚生労働省]）が定めた内規は「一般用漢方処方の手引き」（厚生省薬務局監修、[http://www.fpmaj.gr.jp/ 日本製薬団体連合会]漢方専門委員会編、薬業時報社発行）という書籍に掲載され、「210処方」の名称でおよそ30年間流通しました。平成20年に大幅な見直しが行われ、「一般用漢方製剤承認基準」として213処方が定められました。
-;変更の詳細
-:[[Doc:薬局方新基準|薬局方新基準のページ]]を参照
 }}
-|
-[[Image:Kakkonto.jpg|thumb|{{Bilingual|葛根湯のレシピ ([[Kampo:Kakkonto|詳細]])|Recipe for "Kakkonto", or pueralia root decoction ([[Kampo:Kakkonto|''More'']])}}]]
-|}
-* [http://search.e-gov.go.jp/servlet/Public?CLASSNAME=Pcm1030&btnDownload=yes&hdnSeqno=0000046663 一般用漢方製剤承認基準] (PDF in Japanese by MHLW)
-=={{Bilingual|日本薬局方|Japanese Pharmacopoeia}}==
+==={{Bilingual|日本薬局方|Japanese Pharmacopoeia}}===
-==={{Bilingual|日本薬局方は法律です|Japanese Pharmacopoeia is a law}}===
 {{Twocolumn|
 (Japanese) Pharmacopoeia is a book with legal force containing directions to identify and qualify medicinal compounds that may be used in Japan.
@@ Line 94: / Line 81: @@
 }}
+;Details (only in Japanese)
+{{GenerateIndex|Doc|薬局方新基準}}
+=={{Bilingual|このサイトについて|about this site}}==
+==={{Bilingual|生薬情報|Crude Drug Information}}===
 {{Twocolumn|
-; Crude Drugs in Kampo Medicine
+In the Japanese Pharmacopoeia, around 160 crude drugs are listed. This site introduces  [[Persist:CrudeDrugList|their details]] with links to available [[Persist:KampoList|Kampo formulas]].
-In addition to Western medicines, around 150 crude drugs are listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia. On our [[Persist:CrudeDrugList|site]], their details are introduced with links to available [[Persist:KampoList|Kampo formulas]].
-* [http://www.mhlw.go.jp/topics/bukyoku/iyaku/yakkyoku/english.html Japanese Pharmacopoeia] (English version by MHLW)
 |
-; 漢方に使われる生薬
+本サイトは日本薬局方に掲載されるおよそ[[Persist:CrudeDrugList|160の生薬]]に加え、各生薬について利用される[[Persist:KampoList|漢方処方]]等の詳細を紹介しています。
-日本薬局方には西洋薬に加えて約150の生薬が登録されています。[[Persist:CrudeDrugList|本サイト]]では各生薬について利用される[[Persist:KampoList|漢方処方]]等の詳細を紹介しています。
-* [http://www.mhlw.go.jp/topics/bukyoku/iyaku/yakkyoku/index.html 日本薬局方15改正] (PDF by MHLW)
-* [http://www.jsphcg.gr.jp/ 日本生薬学会]
 }}
-=={{Bilingual|文献情報|Literature Information}}==
+==={{Bilingual|文献情報|Literature Information}}===
 {{Twocolumn|
 This site contains {{#countTitle:_*|KampoReference}} article information on Kampo formulas. They are listed at the bottom of each page for Kampo prescription.
@@ Line 115: / Line 100: @@
 }}
-=={{Bilingual|市場流通品、理化学試験、生産情報|Availability, Production Methods, Examinations}}==
+==={{Bilingual|市場流通品、理化学試験、生産情報|Availability, Production Methods, Examinations}}===
 * By [[Index:Tochimoto| {{#ifeq:{{#var:LANG}}|ja|栃本天海堂|Tochimoto Tenkaido Co. Ltd.}}]]
-=={{Bilingual|生薬画像ギャラリー|Image Gallery}}==
+==={{Bilingual|画像ギャラリー|Image Gallery}}===
 * By [[Index:Alps-Pharm| {{#ifeq:{{#var:LANG}}|ja|アルプス薬品工業|Alps Pharmaceutical Industry Co. Ltd.}}]]
 * By [[Index:NTS| {{#ifeq:{{#var:LANG}}|ja|株式会社エヌ・ティー・エス|NTS Book Inc.}}]]
+==={{Bilingual|学会情報|Society Information}}===
+{{Twocolumn|
+* [http://www.kaim.us/special_TOC.html Special Issue ''Current Kampo Medicine'']
+|
+* [http://www.jsom.or.jp/html/index.htm 日本東洋医学会]
+* [http://www.wakan-iyaku.gr.jp/index2.html 和漢医薬学会]
+}}

Category:CD

Revision as of 13:30, 13 March 2013

Contents

Kampo Medicine

Kampo ≠ Chinese Medicine

Why do we care Chinese or Japanese while not caring for English or German medicine?

Kampo Standards

The New Standards for Kampo Formulas

Japanese Pharmacopoeia

about this site

Crude Drug Information

Literature Information

Availability, Production Methods, Examinations

Image Gallery

Society Information

Pages in category "CD"

A

B

C

J

N

P

T

Personal tools

Namespaces

Variants

Views

Actions

Search

Navigation

metabolites

Toolbox